喀斯特山地城市生态系统服务价值地形梯度响应——以贵阳市中心城区为例  

Response of Ecosystem Service Value of Karst Mountainous City to Terrain Gradient--A Case Study of Downtown of Guiyang City

作　　者：周寒冰 王志泰[1,2] 王志杰[3] 包玉[1,2] ZHOU Hanbing;WANG Zhitai;WANG Zhijie;BAO Yu(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Landscape Architecture Planning and Design Center,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;College of Life Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学风景园林规划设计研究中心,贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学生命科学学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2021年第6期337-347,共11页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32060367,42061039);贵州省科学技术基金重点项目(黔科合基础[2020]1Z011)。

摘　　要：喀斯特地区具有特殊的地理地貌性质,为探究“城山镶嵌”的特殊山地城市地形因素对城市生态系统服务价值的影响,以典型喀斯特城市贵阳市为研究区域,2018年贵阳市中心城区Pleiades卫星影像图(0.5 m空间分辨率,含DEM高程)为数据源,运用地形位指数、地形分布指数结合修正后的“当量因子法”,对贵阳市中心城区生态系统服务价值的地形梯度进行了研究。结果表明:(1)土地利用类型在空间上呈三段式分布,随着地形梯度的增加,由以水域、耕地、草地、建设用地主导的地形优势区逐渐转为以林地为主导的地形优势区。(2)2018年贵阳市中心城区生态系统服务总价值为7.23亿元,于地形梯度上整体呈先升后降趋势,单位面积生态系统服务价值呈升高—降低—升高波动趋势。(3)各单项生态系统服务价值及大小分布指数优势在地形梯度上呈显著差异性,地形梯度对各单项生态系统服务有显著响应(R^(2)均大于0.75,最大值达0.96),在地形梯度优势更为突出的为水文调节及气候调节。总体而言,地形及土地利用类型面积对贵阳市中心城区生态系统服务价值影响显著。Karst area has its special geographical and geomorphological properties.In order to explore the influence of‘City mountain mosaic’special mountain city terrain factors on urban ecosystem service value,we took Guiyang City,a typical karst mountainous city,as the research area,and used terrain potential index,terrain distribution index combined with the modified‘equivalent factor method’and Landsat TM remoted sensing image map in the downtown of Guiyang City in 2018 to evaluate the ecosystem service value of downtown of Guiyang City.The results showed that:(1)the land use types distributed in three sections in space,water land,cropland,grassland and built land had obvious advantages in the low-terrain area(1~10);bare land and cropland had certain advantages in the middle-terrain area(10~20);forest land had an absolute advantage in the high-terrain area(20~50);with the increase of terrain gradient,the dominant terrain area of wetland,water area,cultivated land,grassland and built land gradually changed to the dominant terrain area dominated by forest land;(2)the total ecosystem service value in central district of Guiyang in 2018 was 723 million yuan;on the whole,the terrain gradient showed a trend of first rising and then descending;the service value of ecosystem per unit area increased first,then decreased and finally raised;(3)there were significant differences in the topographic gradient in the exponential advantages of service value and size distribution of individual ecosystems;terrain gradients responded significantly(R^(2)>0.75,and the maximum is 0.96)to individual ecosystem services;the advantages of topographic gradient were hydrological regulation and climate regulation.In general,the terrain and land use type area had the significant impact on the ecosystem service value in the central urban area of Guiyang.

关 键 词：喀斯特地区 山地城市 生态系统服务价值 地形梯度 贵阳市 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]