圆柱直齿轮齿根裂纹扩展路径仿真及其影响因素分析  

Analysis on the Root Crack Propagation Path and Its Influencing Factor of Spur Gear

作　　者：刘启坤 吴胜利[1] 李智 简晓春[1] Liu Qikun;Wu Shengli;Li Zhi;Jian Xiaochun(College of Traffic and Transportation,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学交通运输学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《机械传动》2021年第10期29-35,共7页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51705052);重庆自然科学基金(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0779);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJ1705141,KJQN201800720)。

摘　　要：齿轮在工作中承受交变载荷的作用,会在齿根产生疲劳裂纹等故障,裂纹发生扩展不仅会影响传动精度,甚至可能造成重大的安全事故与经济损失,因此,亟需开展对齿根裂纹扩展演化规律的研究。为此,利用复变函数法构造Westergaard应力函数,分析了裂纹尖端复杂的应力场问题,并依据最大周向拉应力强度因子理论确定裂纹扩展临界条件;结合裂纹扩展过程中裂纹尖端不连续和奇异性问题的实际复杂情况,对扩展有限元法进行修正,建立了齿根裂纹扩展的有限元模型。研究计算裂纹成核点位置和齿轮基体结构中腹板外径、腹板孔与成核处对应位置关系的裂纹扩展路径,得到了不同影响因素的裂纹扩展规律并验证了修正有限元模型的准确性和有效性。研究结果进一步丰富了齿根疲劳裂纹扩展演化机理的研究。Under the action of alternating load,the gear is easy to generate fatigue crack fault in the tooth root,and the crack propagation will not only affect the transmission accuracy,but even cause serious safety accident and economic loss.Therefore,it is urgent to study the evolution law of tooth root crack propagation.For this,by using complex function method,the Westergaard stress function is constructed to analyze the complex stress field at the crack tip,and the critical condition of crack growth is determined according to the maximum circumferential tensile stress intensity factor theory.Considering the complexity of crack tip discontinuity and singularity in the process of crack propagation,the extended finite element method is modified and the finite element model of tooth root crack propagation is established to solve these problems.Study on the root crack nucleation point location and the crack propagation path of the relationship between the outside diameter of the web,the web hole and the corresponding location of the nucleation point in the gear matrix structure,the crack propagation law of different influencing factors is obtained and the accuracy and effectiveness of the modified finite element method is verified.The results greatly enrich the research on the evolutionary mechanism of tooth root fatigue crack propagation.

关 键 词：齿轮 裂纹扩展路径 修正XFEM 影响因素 

分 类 号：TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]