一段不应被遗忘的历史:公办学校改制反思  

A History that Should not be Forgotten:Reflection of Public School Reform

作　　者：劳凯声[1] Lao Kaisheng(College of Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学教育学院,北京100048

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（教育科学版）》2021年第10期1-11,共11页Journal of East China Normal University:Educational Sciences

摘　　要：20世纪八九十年代,各国公立学校面对的共同性问题促成了一场世界性的公立学校重建运动,市场化、民营化是改革的重要思路。同一时期,我国也经历了一个被称为公办学校改制的变革进程,简政放权和建立与社会主义市场经济体制相适应的教育体制是改革的两大重要议题。在这一变革的背后,蕴含着能否创造一种政府之外的现代学校制度的问题。公办学校改制由于利益冲突尖锐,与原先的价值取向和社会认知相悖,因此出现了严重的行为失范问题,导致了办学秩序的混乱和教育不公平现象的产生。公办学校改制的结果表明,必须正确理解公办学校的国家性和民间性,准确把握教育的公益性质,妥善处理教育与市场关系,始终坚守公办学校的公共责任。Since 1980s,the common problems faced by the public schools around the world have enhanced a wave of re-building public schools worldwide,among which,marketization and privatization are the main ideas.At the same time,a process of reforming public school system has also started in China.How to understand the national and civil nature of public schools,how to fully state the characteristics of public schools are the fundamental problems of the reform.Simplifying the administrative procedures and delegating powers to lower levels,as well as building an education system adapting to socialist marketing system,would be the two important issues of reform,behind which,there is a possibility of exploring a modern school system beside the government.During the reform,because of the conflict of interests,past values,and cognition of social status,some schools went wrong direction,for examples,chaos of the teaching order,and the education inequities.The end of public school reform shows that education reform should understand the goodness of education,deal with the relationships of education and market,and stick to the public responsibility of public schools.

关 键 词：现代学校制度 简政放权 公办学校改制 教育民营化和教育市场化 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]