学校体育课程“运动处方教学模式”的设计与构建  

Design and construction of exercise prescription teaching mode in school physical education curriculum

作　　者：邢聪 XING Cong(Department of Physical Education,Fudan University,Shanghai,200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学体育教学部,上海200433

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2021年第9期1288-1292,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJC890031);复旦大学在线课程建设与改革项目(FD2021C071)。

摘　　要：围绕使学生学会制定符合自身特点的运动处方方案这一教学目标,构建教学内容体系、成绩评价体系,并设计教学实施路径。"运动处方教学模式"以学生身体状态认知、身体状况监控、运动处方设计、运动处方实施四方面知识或内容作为体育课程教学的主要内容。依据布鲁姆学习分类法设置保健知识学习、处方编制、处方实施、效果反馈及处方调整5个课程实施步骤。借助"互联网+教学"途径,促进抽象运动技术与保健理论的教学效率,并联通课内与课外,拓展体育教学的时空条件。建立以保健知识掌握与应用、运动处方制定及实施、体育兴趣与习惯培养为主要内容的评价体系,并融合定量与定性、过程与终结等多种评价手段,增强成绩评价的公平性与准确性。"运动处方教学模式"具有健康教育主导性、运动与保健知识系统性、新兴教学方法与手段融合性、体育成绩评价公平性、尊重学生个性化与主体性等特点。Objective Based on the teaching goal of "self-designed exercise prescription plans that meet their own characteristics", the teaching content and perfermance evaluation system are built, and the teaching implementation path is designed. The teaching mode of exercise prescription takes four aspects as the main contents of PE course teaching, namely, the cognition of students’ physical state, the monitoring of physical state, the design of exercise prescription and the implementation of exercise prescription.According to Bloom’s learning classification, five implementation steps of health care knowledge learning, prescription preparation, prescription implementation, effect feedback and prescription adjustment were set up.With the help of "Internet+teaching" approach, the teaching efficiency of abstract sports technology and health care theory is promoted, and the in-class and after-class connection is made to expand the space-time conditions of physical education teaching. In order to enhance the fairness and accuracy of performance evaluation, an evaluation system should be established with the main contents of mastering and applying health care knowledge, making and implementing sports prescription, and cultivating sports interest and habits. Exercise prescription teaching mode has the characteristics of health education leading, sports and health care knowledge system, new teaching methods and means integration, sports performance evaluation fairness, respect for students’ individuality and subjectivity.

关 键 词：课程 体育运动 教育 学生 

分 类 号：G478[文化科学—教育学] G807[文化科学—教育技术学]