合同效力“法律承认说”之检讨  

The Legal Recognition Theory of Contract Binding Force Revisited

作　　者：王绍喜 WANG Shao-xi(Tianjin University Law School, Tianjin 300072, China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学法学院,天津300072

出　　处：《时代法学》2021年第5期50-58,共9页Presentday Law Science

摘　　要：在合同法理论中,对于合同效力的根源有“意志论”“原因论”和“关系契约论”之说。晚近的学说认为,合同效力的根源在于法律对当事人合意的承认,此即“法律承认说”。“法律承认说”是我国民法学界的主流学说。“法律承认说”存在着三大局限与不足:它所主张的法律对当事人合同行为的评价在理论上不具有说服力,它无法适当地解释合同自由和国家管制的关系,也不能充分地解释制定法和习惯的关系。应当强调当事人合意的重要性,强化个人在合同效力上的自主决定权,在观念上更新合同效力的现有理论学说,以及弘扬私法自治的民法理念。In contract law theory,with respect to the source of the binding force of contracts,there are“will theory”and“cause theory”and“relational contract theory”.Recently,it is argued that the source of the binding force of contracts is the recognition of the wills of the parties by the law which is the legal recognition theory.Legal recognition theory is the prevailing theory in China.There are three drawbacks and limits of legal recognition theory,the argument of evaluating the contracting behaviors of the parties by the laws is theoretically unpersuasive,it fails to explain the relation between freedom of contract and state regulation,and it is unable to explain sufficiently the relation between state acts and customs.The importance of the wills of the parties should be addressed,self-determination of individuals should be enhanced,and the existing theory concerning the binding force of contracts should be modified ideally so as to promote civil law idea of autonomy of private law.

关 键 词：合同法 合同效力 正当化 法律承认 私法自治 

分 类 号：DF525[政治法律—民商法学]