黑土地保护利用与山水林田湖草沙系统的协调及生态屏障建设战略  

Black Soil Protection and Utilization Based on Harmonization of Mountain-River-Forest-Farmland-Lake-Grassland-Sandy Land Ecosystems and Strategic Construction of Ecological Barrier

作　　者：张佳宝[1] 孙波[1] 朱教君[2] 汪景宽[3] 潘喜才 高添[2] ZHANG Jiabao;SUN Bo;ZHU Jiaojun;WANG Jingkuan;PAN Xicai;GAO Tian(Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;College of Land and Environment,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [3]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2021年第10期1155-1164,共10页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA28030000)。

摘　　要：我国东北黑土地在长期高强度利用下土壤“变薄、变硬、变瘦、变酸”,且面临水资源短缺及生态失衡等问题,水土资源与生态环境的协调已经成为东北农业可持续发展的瓶颈。黑土地保护和利用不仅是耕地系统自身问题,更是山水林田湖草沙系统协同发展的问题,需要充分发挥森林、草地、湿地等自然生态系统具有的水源涵养、水土保持、防风固沙和生物多样性保护功能,在开展黑土地耕地数量保障和提升黑土地质量行动基础上,实施山水林田湖草沙一体化发展战略,加强黑土地生态屏障生态条件,阻控和修复黑土地退化,实现黑土地可持续利用目标。The black soil in northeast China presents a trend of thinning,hardening,impoverishment,and acidification under the longterm high-intensity utilization,and faces the water resources shortage and ecological environment imbalance.Thus,the coordination between soil and water resources and environment has become the bottleneck of sustainable agricultural development in northeast China.The black soil protection and utilization is not only a problem of cultivated land system itself,but also a problem of harmonization of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandy land ecosystem.To achieve the goal of sustainable use of the black soil,it is necessary to give full play to the function of soil and water conservation,wind prevention and sand fixation,and biodiversity of natural ecosystems such as woodlands,grasslands,and wetlands.Hence,in addition to taking actions to ensure the quantity of cultivated black soil and improve soil quality,a synergetic development strategy of the mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandy land ecosystems should be implemented to build ecological barrier for controlling and remediation of the black soil degradation.

关 键 词：黑土地 山水林田湖草沙生态系统 保护 利用 协同发展 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济] X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]