清末民初小说中的儒家士人形象嬗变与文学转型  

Image Transmutation and Literary Transformation of the Confucian Scholars in the Novels of Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China

作　　者：耿传明[1] 耿盈章 Geng Chuanming;Geng Yingzhang(Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院,天津300071

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第5期116-122,共7页Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：南开大学亚洲研究中心项目;近现代小说中的儒家士人形象嬗变与文学转型(AS2110)。

摘　　要：儒家传统是中国传统文化中的主导性传统,儒家士人形象是儒家文化的集中体现,通过对清末以来文学史上儒家士人形象嬗变的考察,可以深入透视近现代以来知识群体所走过的心路历程,进而对近代以来文学与文化中的古今之变、文学转型以及现代性等问题产生更为深入的理解和认识。从某种意义上来说,走出儒家文化,将其对象化、他者化构成了中国文学现代性的起点,儒家从其本质上而言就具有一种文化守成主义的精神气质。进入近代之后的中国人的核心焦虑集中表现为,为了生存是否必须抛弃五千年来绵延至今的生活方式、伦理准则和价值核心?如果抛弃了这些作为国魂、族魂来源的传统,只剩下了自然生物人特性的中国人是否还有资格说自己是中国人?现代文明究竟会走向趋同即由西方主导的单一化文明,还是会多元并立、依然保持复数化的文明状态?中国文明是否能在经历现代性的冲击后,转型再生为与西方并立的一种现代文明?这些问题也正是此一时期的儒家士林小说共同关注的问题。Confucian tradition is the dominant tradition in Chinese traditional culture,and the image of Confucian scholars is the concentrated embodiment of Confucian culture.Through the investigation of the transmutation of the images of Confucian scholars in the history of literature since the late Qing Dynasty,we can see into the thinking process of the intellectual since the modern times,and furthermore,have a deeper understanding of the historical and literary transformation and the modernity of literature and culture since the modern times.In a sense,going out of Confucian culture,and objectifying and otherizing it constitute the starting point of the modernity of Chinese literature.In essence,confucianism has a spiritual temperament of cultural conservatism.Entering the modern times,the core anxiety of Chinese people began to focus on such problems as whether,in order to survive,to abandon the lifestyle,ethical norms and core values that have lasted for 5,000 years?Are the Chinese people with only biological characteristics still qualified to say that they are Chinese without these traditions as the source of the national soul and the soul of the family?Will modern civilization converge to a single civilization dominated by the West,or will it remain a pluralistic and mutualistic civilization?Can Chinese civilization be transformed into a modern civilization that stands side by side with the West after experiencing the shock of modernity?These problems are also the common concerns of the Novels of Confucian scholars in this period.

关 键 词：清末民初 儒家士人 古今之变 文学转型 

分 类 号：I206.52[文学—中国文学]