无锡地区1021例变应性鼻炎患儿变应原检测分析  

Analysis of Allergen Detection in 1021 Children with Allergic Rhinitis in Wuxi Area

作　　者：李蕾 崔玉宝 马荧雪 汤夏冰 LI Lei;CUI Yubao;MA Yingxue;TANG Xiabing(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Wuxi People′s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,Wuxi 214023,China;Department of Otolaryngology,Wuxi People′s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,Wuxi 214023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属无锡人民医院检验科,江苏无锡214023 [2]南京医科大学附属无锡人民医院耳鼻咽喉科,江苏无锡214023

出　　处：《医学综述》2021年第19期3949-3952,F0003,共5页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：目的分析无锡地区1021例变应性鼻炎(AR)患儿变应原分布特征以及变应原随性别、年龄、季节的变化趋势。方法选取2018年1月至2019年12月南京医科大学附属无锡人民医院确诊的1021例AR患儿作为研究对象,采用免疫印迹法检测AR患儿血清总免疫球蛋白E(t-IgE)及变应原特异性免疫球蛋白E(sIgE),并进行数据分析。结果无锡地区1021例AR患儿的血清t-IgE阳性率为63.86%(652例),sIgE阳性率为82.37%(841例),其中居前6位的吸入性变应原sIgE阳性率依次为户尘螨(424例,41.53%)、霉菌类(284例,27.82%)、树花粉(207例,20.27%)、狗毛皮屑(177例,17.34%)、猫毛皮屑(153例,14.99%)、屋尘(137例,13.42%);居前6位的食入性变应原sIgE阳性率依次为牛奶(429例,42.02%)、鸡蛋白(269例,26.35%)、腰果(155例,15.18%)、蟹(118例,11.56%)、虾(36例,3.53%)、牛肉(30例,2.94%)。其中女性AR患儿血清树花粉sIgE阳性率高于男性[25.23%(84/333)比17.88%(123/688)](P<0.05),而血清狗毛皮屑sIgE阳性率低于男性AR患儿[13.21%(44/333)比19.33%(133/688)](P<0.05)。学龄组吸入性变应原户尘螨、混合草、蟑螂sIgE阳性率均高于学龄前组和婴幼儿组,且学龄前组户尘螨、屋尘sIgE阳性率高于婴幼儿组(P<0.05),学龄前组和婴幼儿组食入性变应原牛奶、鸡蛋白、腰果、蟹sIgE阳性率高于学龄组(P<0.05)。户尘螨、牛奶sIgE阳性率在夏季组最高,其次是春季组、秋季组,冬季组最低(P<0.05)。夏季组霉菌类sIgE阳性率均高于春季组、秋季组、冬季组(P<0.05)。春季组、夏季组、秋季组树花粉sIgE阳性率均高于冬季组(P<0.05)。春季组、夏季组狗毛皮屑sIgE阳性率高于秋季组、冬季组(P<0.05)。结论无锡地区AR患儿吸入性变应原以户尘螨、霉菌、树花粉为主;食入性变应原以牛奶、鸡蛋白、腰果为主。不同性别、年龄、季节AR致病变应原存在差异,应针对不同变应原采取相应的预防措施。Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of allergens in 1021 children with allergic rhinitis(AR)in Wuxi area and the allergen changing trend with gender,age and season.Methods A total of 1021 children with AR diagnosed in Wuxi People′s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from Jan.2018 to Dec.2019 were included.The serum allergen total immunoglobulin E(t-IgE)and specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE)of children with AR were detected by Western blotting,and the data were analyzed.Results The positive rates of serum t-IgE and sIgE in the 1021 children with AR in Wuxi were 63.86%(652 cases)and 82.37%(841 cases).The top six inhaled allergens were house dust mite(424 cases,41.53%),molds(284 cases,27.82%),tree pollen(207 cases,20.27%),dog fur scraps(177 cases,17.34%),cat fur scraps(153 cases,14.99%)and house dust(137 cases,13.42%);the top six ingestive allergen sIgE were milk(429 cases,42.02%),egg white(269 cases,26.35%),cashew nut(155 cases,15.18%),crab(118 cases,11.56%),shrimp(36 cases,3.53%)and beef(30 cases,2.94%).The positive rate of serum tree pollen sIgE in female children with AR was higher than that in male children with AR[25.23%(84/333)vs 17.88%(123/688)](P<0.05),while the positive rate of serum dog fur sIgE was lower than that in male children with AR[13.21%(44/333)vs 19.33%(133/688)](P<0.05).The positive rates of serum sIgE of inhaled allergen household dust mite,mixed grass,cockroach in school-age group were higher than those in preschool group and infant group,and the positive rates of serum sIgE of household dust mite and house dust in preschool group were higher than those in infant group(P<0.05).The positive rates of milk,egg white,cashew nut and crab in preschool group and infant group were higher than those in school-age group(P<0.05).The positive rates of house dust mite and milk sIgE were the highest in summer group,followed by spring group and autumn group,and the lowest in winter group(P<0.05).The positive rate of mold sIgE in summer group was higher than that in spring gro

关 键 词：过敏性鼻炎 变应原 特异性免疫球蛋白E 

分 类 号：R781.67[医药卫生—口腔医学]