天然有机质的性质分析及其与土壤矿物和外源污染物相互作用研究进展  

Research progress on analysis of the properties of natural organic matter and its interaction with soil minerals and exogenous pollutants

作　　者：孔颖 左翔之 易鹏 陈全 梁妮[1,2,3] KONG Ying;ZUO Xiangzhi;YI Peng;CHEN Quan;LIANG Ni(Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,650500,China;Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils,Kunming,650500,China;Yunnan Provincial Scientific Innovation Team of Soil Environment and Ecological Safety,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650500 [2]云南省土壤固碳与污染控制重点实验室,昆明650500 [3]昆明理工大学土壤环境与生态安全省创新团队,昆明650500

出　　处：《环境化学》2021年第9期2715-2726,共12页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(41907322);国家自然科学基金(U1602231)资助。

摘　　要：天然有机质(natural organic matter, NOM)在土壤环境中扮演着重要的角色,其对土壤水分的保持、植物的生长,污染物的迁移转化、土壤矿物颗粒的团聚和碳循环均有着重要影响.因此,明确NOM的环境行为以及它们与污染物的相互作用有着重要的生态环境意义.本文综述了各种不同性质NOM的提取及纯化方法,并分析了它们的优缺点;介绍了NOM常用的光谱学表征技术;并通过综述NOM与土壤矿物间的相互作用,描述了NOM的环境行为;论述了NOM与外源重金属和有机污染物之间的相互作用方式、机制以及影响因素,并描述了NOM和污染物在土壤环境中的迁移转化和它们潜在的环境风险.基于对NOM性质、环境行为等的全方位深度解剖,可更加深入认识NOM在土壤环境中的重要作用,为将来的土壤污染修复、肥力保持、碳循环等的研究提供理论基础.Natural organic matter(NOM)plays an important role in the soil environment.It has an important impact on the soil moisture retention,plant growth,migration of pollutants,agglomeration of soil mineral particles and carbon cycle.Therefore,there is an urgent need to clarify the environmental behavior of NOM and its interaction with pollutants.Firstly,this review summarized the extraction and purification methods of NOM with different properties,and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of each method.Secondly,it introduced the commonly used spectroscopic characterization techniques of NOM,and described the environmental behavior of NOM.Moreover,the interaction mode,mechanism and influencing factors between NOM and exogenous heavy metal and organic pollutants were introduced in detail,as well as the migration of NOM and pollutants in soil environment and their potential environmental risks.The purpose of this review is to provide a systematic understanding of NOM.On this basis,it is hoped that this review can provide comprehensive information about the nature of NOM itself,its environmental behavior,and its interactions with pollutants.Based on the comprehensive and in-depth anatomy of the natural and environmental behavior of NOM,we can have a deeper understanding of the important role of NOM in the soil environment.Subsequently,this review may provide a theoretical basis for future research on soil pollution remediation,fertility maintenance,and carbon cycling.

关 键 词：天然有机质 土壤生态系统 物理化学性质 环境行为 外源污染物 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]