“非典”与“新冠”两次重大疫情期间心理援助热线相关来电特征的比较  

Comparison of the characteristics of psychological support hotline callers between two major public health emergencies of SARS and COVID-19

作　　者：伍梦洁 童永胜[1,2] 赵丽婷[1] 王翠玲[1] 王月华 庞宇[1] WU Meng-jie;TONG Yong-sheng;ZHAO Li-ting;WANG Cui-ling;WANG Yue-hua;PANG Yu(Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center,Beijing Huilongguan Hospital,WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention,Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School,Beijing 100096,China)

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院(北京心理危机研究与干预中心),WHO心理危机预防研究与培训合作中心,100096 [2]北京大学回龙观临床医学院

出　　处：《临床精神医学杂志》2021年第5期374-377,共4页Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

基　　金：北京市医院管理中心临床医学发展专项经费资助(ZYLX202130)。

摘　　要：目的:比较国内“非典”与“新冠”两次重大疫情期间心理援助热线相关来电特征。方法:收集北京市心理援助热线“非典”期间176次相关来电者(非典组)和“新冠”期间727次相关来电者(新冠组)的人口学资料、通话时间、来电主要问题及干预措施。结果:非典组以男性、北京居民居多;新冠组以女性、未婚者居多,其通话时间明显长于非典组(χ2=236.297,P<0.01)。两组来电咨询的主要问题分布不同(χ2=426.897,P<0.01),非典组询问疫情知识最多(61.9%);新冠组咨询本人心理方面问题最多(79.9%)。热线给予的干预措施方面,新冠组提供舒缓情绪和其他信息比例高于非典组,提供疫情知识和转诊较低(P均<0.01)。结论:与17年前“非典”疫情期比较,“新冠”疫情期心理援助热线来电者的知识需求减少,心理需求增多。Objective:To compare the characteristics of psychological support hotline callers with the novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)related problems and the callers with severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)related problems.Method:176 callers during SARS(SARS group)and 727 callers during COVID-19(COVID-19 group)from Beijing Psychological Support Hotline were recruited.The demographic characteristics,call duration,major complaints and intervention methods in the two groups were compared.Results:More callers were male and living in Beijing in the SARS group,while the COVID-19 group tended to be female and unmarried.The call duration of the COVID-19 group was longer than that of the SARS group(χ2=236.297,P<0.01).The major complaints were different between the two groups(χ2=426.897,P<0.01).The most common complaints were asking SARS related knowledge(61.9%)in the SARS group and consulting psychological distress(79.9%)in the COVID-19 group.In terms of the interventions provided,the callers in the COVID-19 group were more likely to receive emotion relieving and other knowledge,but less likely to receive knowledge of communicable diseases and referral information than those in the SARS group(all P<0.01).Conclusion:Compared with the SARS epidemic period 17 years ago,when the demands of callers seeking for knowledge of the events decrease,the demands that seeking for psychological intervention increase during the COVID-19 epidemic period.

关 键 词：心理援助热线 突发公共卫生事件 新型冠状病毒肺炎 重症急性呼吸综合征 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]