不同生长期串叶松香草氨基酸组成及营养价值评价  

Analysis of amino acid composition and nutritional value in differentgrowth stages of Silphium perfoliatum L.

作　　者：刘泽 田祖光 陈国信 郝庆红[4] 吴国江[4] 段春辉 刘月琴[4] 张振红[4] 郭云霞[4] LIU Ze;TIAN Zuguang;CHEN Guoxin;HAO Qinghong;WU Guojiang;DUAN Chunhui;LIU Yueqin;ZHANG Zhenhong;GUO Yunxia(Baoding Animal Husbandry Workstation,Baoding 071000,China;Baoding Productivity Promotion Center,Baoding 071000,China;Qingxian Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Cangzhou 062650,China;Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]保定市畜牧工作站,河北保定071000 [2]保定市生产力促进中心,河北保定071000 [3]青县农业农村局,河北沧州062650 [4]河北农业大学,河北保定071001

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第18期98-102,108,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家绒毛羊产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-39-23);河北省二期现代农业产业技术体系奶牛创新团队保定综合试验推广站项目(HBCT2018120404)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同生长期(现蕾期、开花期、结实期)串叶松香草的氨基酸组成及营养价值,试验在同一地的前、中、后区域随机刈割现蕾期、开花期、结实期串叶松香草各10株,烘干粉碎过60目筛,采用盐酸水解法和高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定不同生长期串叶松香草苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、丙氨酸、酪氨酸、赖氨酸、亮氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、丝氨酸、精氨酸、异亮氨酸、天冬氨酸、脯氨酸、组氨酸、胱氨酸、蛋氨酸17种氨基酸含量,采用联合国粮食组织/世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)必需氨基酸模式计算氨基酸评分(AAS)、必需氨基酸比值系数(RC)、必需氨基酸比值系数评分(SRC)和必需氨基酸指数(EAAI),综合评价不同生长期串叶松香草的营养价值。结果表明:不同生长期的串叶松香草中均检测到17种氨基酸。现蕾期与结实期氨基酸中除精氨酸、异亮氨酸、天冬氨酸、脯氨酸差异显著(P<0.05)外,其他氨基酸差异均不显著(P>0.05)。开花期与现蕾期、结实期相比,除组氨酸、异亮氨酸(结实期)、胱氨酸、蛋氨酸、天冬氨酸(现蕾期)差异不显著外(P>0.05),其他氨基酸之间均呈极显著差异(P<0.05)。现蕾期、结实期总氨基酸含量比开花期分别高49.48%(P<0.01)、29.48%(P<0.01),必需氨基酸总量分别高48.80%(P<0.01)、34.94%(P<0.01),药效氨基酸总量分别高47.84%(P<0.01)、46.67%(P<0.01),甜味氨基酸总量分别高57.69%(P<0.01)、11.06%(P>0.05),酸鲜味氨基酸总量分别高35.63%(P<0.01)、59.77%(P<0.01),苦味氨酸总量分别高52.63%(P<0.01)、42.11%(P<0.01)。现蕾期必需氨基酸总量/总氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸总量/非必需氨基酸总量接近FAO/WHO必需氨基酸模式,甜味氨基酸总量最高(3.28%),SRC为72.18,EAAI为0.86,达到良好蛋白质的标准。串叶松香草第一限制氨基酸为赖氨酸。说明现蕾期串叶松香草氨基酸种类齐全,总氨基酸含量较高,必需氨基酸相The aim of this study was to study the amino acid composition and nutritional value in different growth stages(squaring stage,flowering stage and grain-filling stage)of Silphium perfoliatum L..Ten plants were randomly selected in the front,middle and back areas of the same plot in the squaring,flowering and grain-filling stage of Silphium perfoliatum L..After mowing,the samples were heated and smashed to pass through a screen of 60 meshes.The contents of 17 kinds of amino acids(phenylalanine,threonine,valine,alanine,tyrosine,lysine,leucine,glutamic acid,glycine,serine,arginine,isoleucine,aspartic acid,proline,histidine,cystine,methionine)were determined by HPLC in different growth stages of Silphium perfoliatum L..The amino acid score(AAS),essential amino acid ratio coefficient(RC),essential amino acid ratio coefficient score(SRC)and essential amino acid index(EAAI)were measured by FAO/WHO essential amino acid pattern to evaluate the nutritional value in different growth stages of Silphium perfoliatum L..The results showed that 17 amino acids were detected in different growth stages.There were no significant differences in the amino acids(P>0.05)between squaring stage and grain-filling stage except for arginine,isoleucine,aspartic acid,proline(P<0.05).The differences of amino acids were significant(P<0.05)at flowering stage compared to squaring stage and grain-filling stage,except for histidine,isoleucine(grain-filling stage),cystine,methionine,aspartic acid(squaring state),which were not significantly different(P>0.05).The contents of total amino acid were 49.48%(P<0.01)and 29.48%(P<0.01)higher in squaring stage and grain-filling stage than in flowering stage,the contents of essential amino acids were 48.80%(P<0.01)and 33.94%(P<0.01)higher,the contents of drug-effective amino acids were 47.84%(P<0.01)and 46.67%(P<0.01)higher,the contents of sweet amino acids were 57.69%(P<0.01)and 11.06%(P>0.05)higher,the contents of fresh amino acids were 35.63%(P<0.01)and 59.77%(P<0.01)higher,the contents of bitter amino acids

关 键 词：串叶松香草 氨基酸 FAO/WHO必需氨基酸模式 蛋白质营养价值 必需氨基酸评分 必需氨基酸指数 

分 类 号：S548[农业科学—作物学]