甘肃不同矿区样品中的细菌多样性  

Bacterial Diversity in Different Mining Area Samples of Gansu Province

作　　者：王永刚[1] 王江勤 罗文[1] 冷非凡[1] Wang Yonggang;Wang Jiangqin;Luo Wen;Leng Feifan(School of Life Science and Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou,730050)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学生命科学与工程学院,兰州730050

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2021年第3期1187-1195,共9页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760028,31460032)资助。

摘　　要：甘肃矿产资源丰富,矿区酸性矿坑水(acid mine drainage,AMD)及周边土壤中嗜酸微生物种类丰富,具有相当大的研究价值。本研究通过Illumina高通量测序方法,对甘肃省4个矿区AMD及周边土壤中的细菌群落组成、相似性及功能组成进行分析。结果表明,煤矿样品GNM细菌物种组成最为丰富,金矿样品LNJ1与紫金矿样品LNZJK细菌组成最相似,与属于铜矿的BYT物种较相近,与LNJ1同地区的LNJ2样品细菌组成相比较远。所有样品细菌主要分为放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteriodetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)四大门,其中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)丰度最高。放线菌门(Actinobacteria)中不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、类诺卡氏属(Nocardioides)和芽球菌属(Blastococcus)表现出较高丰度;厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)中微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)和芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)表现出较高丰度,且微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)丰度极高。通过功能预测发现,与煤矿样品GNM相比,LNJ1、LNJ2、BYT和LNZJK 4个金属矿区样品中的微生物具有较强的氨基酸与碳源的转运与代谢、转录等功能以及较低的能量生产与转运、无机离子转运与代谢能力。通过探究AMD中的细菌多样性及其与重金属之间的相互关系,了解AMD采样区微生物群落结构,以期挖掘出更为丰富的具有重金属抗性的菌株资源,以应用于生物浸矿和环境修复等领域。Gansu Province is rich in mineral resources,where acid mine drainage(AMD)and surrounding soils in the mining area are rich in acidophilic microorganisms,which has considerable research value.In this study,the composition,similarity and functional composition of bacterial communities in AMD and surrounding soils of four mining areas in Gansu Province were analyzed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing.The results showed that the bacterial species composition of the coal mine samples GNM was the most abundant.The gold mineral sample LNJ1 and the purple gold ore sample LNZJK had the most similar bacterial composition,and the species of the copper mine BYT were similar with gold mineral sample LNJ1.In contrast,the bacterial composition was farther between LNJ1 and LNJ2 which were from the same region.Actinobacteria,Bacteriodetes,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were major bacterial phyla in all samples,among which Proteobacteria had the highest abundance.The bacterial genus of Acinetobacter,Nocardioides and Blastococcus in Actinobacteria showed higher abundance;the bacterial genus of Exiguobacterium and Bacillus in Firmicutes showed higher abundance,and the abundance of Exiguobacterium was extremely high.It is found that the microorganisms in the four metal mine samples LNJ1,LNJ2,BYT and LNZJK had strong functions of amino acid transport and metabolism,carbohydrate transport and metabolism and transcription compared with the coal mine samples GNM,as well as the lower functions of energy production and transport,inorganic ion transport and metabolism by functional prediction.By exploring the bacterial diversity in AMD and its relationship with heavy metals,we can understand the microbial community structure in AMD sampling area,in order to excavate more abundant strains with heavy metal resistance for bioleaching,environmental restoration and other fields.

关 键 词：酸性矿坑水(AMD) 嗜酸菌 微生物多样性 高通量测序 功能预测 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]