超级增强子驱动致癌转录机制的研究进展  

Research advances in mechanisms of super-enhancers-driven oncogenesis

作　　者：顾鹏 孙星[1] GU Peng;SUN Xing(Department of General Surgery,Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属第一人民医院普外科,上海201620

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（医学版）》2021年第10期1378-1383,共6页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University:Medical Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81270556);上海市自然科学基金(19ZR1441300)。

摘　　要：转录失调是肿瘤发生的核心机制之一。近年来“超级增强子(super-enhancers,SEs)”一词被用来描述基因组中一个极度活跃的转录调节区域。SEs包含一系列复杂的序列成分,对于维持肿瘤细胞功能并促进致癌转录至关重要。SEs富含高密度的转录因子、辅因子及组蛋白修饰标志等。SEs这些组分可协同作用,使其具有比普通增强子更高的转录活性。该文阐述SEs的基本结构与功能、相分离凝集体的形成,探讨SEs驱动致癌转录的机制及拓扑相关结构域的形成及意义。Transcriptional dysregulation is one of the core mechanisms of tumorigenesis.Recently,the term"super-enhancer"has been introduced to describe a hyperactive regulatory domain which comprises a complex array of sequence elements that are critical to maintain the identity of tumor cells and promot oncogenic transcription.Super-enhancers are highly occupied by transcriptional factors,co-activators and histone modifications.Cooperative interactions amongst these components make super-enhancers have higher transcriptional activity than typical enhancers.This article reviews basic structural and functional characteristics of super-enhancers,formation of the phase-separated condensates,the mechanisms of super-enhancer-driven oncogenesis,and the formation and significance of topologically associating domains.

关 键 词：超级增强子 转录调控 癌症 相分离凝集体 拓扑相关结构域 

分 类 号：R394.3[医药卫生—医学遗传学]