教育对欠发达地区脱贫群体生计可持续的影响研究--基于货币效应与非货币效应的分析  

Study on the Impact of Education on the Livelihood Sustainability of Households Lifted out of Poverty in Underdeveloped Areas--Based on the Analysis of Monetary and Non-monetary Effects

作　　者：孙晗霖[1,3] 王倩茹 刘新智 SUN Hanlin;WANG Qianru;LIU Xinzhi

机构地区：[1]西南大学国家治理学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715 [3]中国西部非公经济发展与扶贫反哺协同创新中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第6期51-63,258,共14页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“西南民族地区返贫致贫风险防范与常态化帮扶机制研究”(21CSH040),项目负责人:孙晗霖;重庆市教委人文社会科学研究项目,项目负责人:孙晗霖;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(博士启动)项目“西部地区返贫致贫监测预警与动态帮扶机制研究”(SWU2109540),项目负责人:孙晗霖。

摘　　要：教育作为脱贫巩固的治本之策,也是实现乡村振兴的根本动力,在增产增收、阻隔贫困代际传递过程中发挥着重要作用,但各类教育对于欠发达地区各收入层级脱贫群众的生计稳定作用还未得到证实。为进一步巩固拓展脱贫成果,探索中国减贫战略前瞻,基于已有教育减贫研究,采用工具变量法、分位数回归、逻辑回归方法,从货币效应和非货币效应角度探讨教育对增加脱贫家庭生计来源以及降低其生计风险的贡献。实证结果表明,教育对拓展脱贫户生计来源具有十分积极的作用,其中,高等教育、继续教育对所有收入层次的脱贫户家庭增收均具有正向作用,初中教育、高中教育和职业教育对较低收入水平的脱贫户家庭的生计贡献更为显著;受教育程度提高可抵消年龄增长对生计稳定的负面影响,并使得脱贫户从事风险预防活动和使用卫生设施的倾向性显著增加,进而降低生计脆弱性。这将为中国后2020时代减贫战略的制定和实施提供理论借鉴。Education,as a fundamental solution to poverty alleviation and consolidation,plays an important role in increasing income and blocking the intergenerational transmission of poverty.However,the role of all kinds of education in the livelihood stability of pre-poverty people at different income levels in underdeveloped areas has not been confirmed.In order to further consolidate the effectiveness of poverty alleviation,and exploring China's poverty reduction strategy,this paper uses two-stage least squares,quantile regression,and Logit regression methods based on the existing research on poverty reduction in education,to further explore the monetary and non-monetary impact of education and all types of education on increasing the source of livelihoods and reducing the livelihood risks of the households who exit the accurate poverty alleviation.The empirical results show that education has a extremely positive role in expanding the source of livelihoods of households who exit the precision assistance program.Among them,higher education and continuing education have a positive effect on the income of households at all income levels,junior high school education,high school education and Vocational education contributes more to the livelihoods of families with lower-income.Higher education levels can offset the negative impact of age growth on livelihood stability and enable households to choose risk prevention activities and use sanitary facilities,thereby reducing livelihood vulnerability.

关 键 词：教育 脱贫户 可持续生计 货币效应 非货币效应 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] G521[文化科学—教育学]