乡村振兴中的大学生创业政策:供给内容、实现机制与行为效应——基于行为公共政策的视角  

College Students’Entrepreneurship Policy in Rural Revitalization:Supply Content,Realization Mechanism and Behavior Effect——A Study Based on the Perspective of Behavioral Public Policy

作　　者：傅承哲 梁倩盈 卢泳莉 FU Cheng-zhe;LIANG Qian-ying;LU Yong-li(School of Politics and Public Administration, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006;School of Business Administration, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641, China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学政治与公共管理学院,广东广州510006 [2]华南理工大学工商管理学院,广东广州510641

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第5期62-78,共17页Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“粤港澳大湾区青年发展政策的融合效应及其优化策略——基于行为公共政策视角”(72004065);广东省科技创新培育专项资金(“攀登计划”专项资金)一般项目“家国情,鸿鹄志——行为公共政策视角下大学生返乡下乡创业政策的作用效应和提升机制”(pdjh2020b0163)。

摘　　要：近年来,为了巩固脱贫攻坚成果、推动乡村全面高质量发展,国家持续完善乡村振兴政策体系,营造了良好的政策环境。以乡村创业为例,面向大学生群体的政策供给的力度较大,然而政策供给和大学生乡村创业需求之间仍存在着供需不匹配的情况。基于行为公共政策的视角,结合前期的政策调研和深度访谈,利用调查实验重点探究政策内容和行为政策工具对实现政策行为效应的影响,考察大学生乡村创业政策的实现机制及其提升机制。研究发现(1)在主效应方面,人才层面、财政层面和基础设施层面政策对大学生乡村创业政策行为效应有着正向影响,三者之间无显著差异,而说道型工具、激励型工具和助推型工具会带来正向影响,且后两者的提升效果较为明显;(2)在交互效应方面,激励型和助推型工具对于提升基础设施层面和人才层面政策行为效应的作用较为明显。针对以上结论,为提升乡村振兴战略背景下大学生乡村创业的政策效能,建议政府应当精准施策满足大学生“因时而异”的利益诉求,善用行为政策工具提升政策行为效应,以及通过多方合作搭建良好的信息桥梁。China,in recent years,in order to consolidate the achievements in poverty alleviation and promote the comprehensive and high-quality development of rural areas,has continuously improved the rural revitalization policy system and created a good policy environment.In terms of rural entrepreneurship,though the policy supply for college students is strong,there is still a mismatch between the supply and their rural entrepreneurship demand.This study,based on the perspective of behavioral public policy,combines with the previous policy research and in-depth interviews,explores,by employing the investigation focus,the impact of policy content and behavioral policy tools on the realization of policy behavior effects,and investigates the realization mechanism and promotion mechanism of college students’rural entrepreneurship policy.The results tell that:1)in terms of main effects,policies at talent,finance and infrastructure bear a positive impact on college students’rural entrepreneurship policy behavior and there is no significant difference among the three;speaking tools,incentive tools and boost tools will have a positive impact,and the promotion effect of the latter two is more obvious;2)in terms of interaction effects,incentive and boost tools play an obvious role in improving the policy behavior effects at the infrastructure and talent levels.In view of the above conclusions,in order to improve the policy efficiency of college students’rural entrepreneurship under the background of rural revitalization strategy,it is suggested that the government should accurately implement policies to meet the“time-varying”interest demands of college students,take advantage of behavioral policy tools to improve the effect of policy behavior,and build a good information bridge through multi-party cooperation.

关 键 词：乡村振兴 乡村创业 行为公共政策 政策工具 大学生创业 

分 类 号：G455[文化科学—教育学] F320.3[文化科学—教育技术学]