高超声速飞行器中的乘波设计综述  

An Overview of Waverider Design in Hypersonic Vehicles

作　　者：戴今钊 汤继斌 陈海昕[1] Dai Jinzhao;Tang Jibin;Chen Haixin(School of Aerospace Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing Aerospace Technology Institute,Beijing 100074,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学航天航空学院,北京100084 [2]北京空天技术研究所,北京100074

出　　处：《战术导弹技术》2021年第4期1-15,共15页Tactical Missile Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11872230,91852108,92052203);国家重点项目(GJXM92579)。

摘　　要：乘波体凭借升阻比高、便于参数化、能够辅助吸气式动力系统进行来流预压缩等优势,在高超声速飞行器设计领域具有重要价值。回顾了历史上采用乘波设计的高超声速飞行器的著名案例,梳理了乘波体设计方法的发展历程,整理了研究者们提出的多种具备亚声速飞行能力的乘波体-机翼组合体和涡升力乘波体构型,介绍了一种针对两级入轨任务设计的具有乘波前体的宽速域飞行器设计方案,通过将该飞行器在飞行马赫数0.35、2、6三种工况下的气动性能与相似布局的尖前体飞行器进行比较,直观展示采用乘波设计的飞行器在宽速域下的性能特点。The waverider has important value in the design of hypersonic vehicles due to its high lift-todrag ratio,convenience of parametric design and ability to help the propulsion system precompress the airflow.Some famous cases of hypersonic vehicles using waverider design in the history are reviewed.The development of waverider design methodologies is introduced.Several waverider-wing and vortex-lift waverider configurations with subsonic flight capabilities proposed by the researchers are summarized.In the last section,a wide-speed range vehicle with a waverider forebody which is designed for two-stage-to-orbit mission is proposed.Its aerodynamic performances at Ma=0.35,2 and 6 are compared with the performance of a similar vehicle with a cuspidal forebody,and the performance characteristics of the aircraft with waverider design in wide speed range are intuitively displayed.

关 键 词：乘波体 高超声速飞行器 宽速域 两级入轨 飞行器设计 

分 类 号：V221.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]