盐碱胁迫对文冠果叶片解剖结构的影响  

Effects of Saline-alkali Stress on Anatomical Structures of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia Leaves

作　　者：宗建伟 温莹莹 杨雨华 Zong Jianwei;Wen Yingying;Yang Yuhua(Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy,Zhengzhou 450046,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]河南牧业经济学院艺术学院,郑州450046 [2]河南牧业经济学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2021年第9期45-50,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(192102110172);河南省高校重点项目(19A220002);河南牧业经济学院博士科研启动资金项目(2018HNUAHEDF018,2018HNUAHEDF019)。

摘　　要：选取长势良好、没有病虫害、株高基本一致的1年生文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge)幼苗为试验材料,设置4个浓度中性盐NaCl(70、140、210、280 mmol/L)、4个浓度碱性盐Na_(2)CO_(3)(35、70、105、140 mmol/L)、1个清水处理(对照),共9个处理组,在河南牧业经济学院的苗圃地(东经113°81′,北纬N34°79′)进行盐碱胁迫试验;采用石蜡切片技术,测定叶片的厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度、上表皮层厚度、下表皮层厚度等,计算栅海比、栅栏组织和叶片厚度比,分析盐碱胁迫对文冠果叶片解剖结构的影响。结果表明:盐碱胁迫对文冠果叶片表皮结构、叶肉组织具有显著影响。低浓度NaCl(70 mmol/L)处理,可以促进其生长;高浓度NaCl(210、280 mmol/L)处理时,叶片厚度显著变薄(P<0.05),叶片的栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度对叶片厚度起主导作用。随着碱性盐Na_(2)CO_(3)浓度升高,叶片的栅栏组织紧密,组织厚度减小。对上述指标标准化,分别进行主成分分析,NaCl处理时提取特征值>1的2个主成分,累计方差贡献率达96.027%;Na_(2)CO_(3)处理时提取特征值>1的1个主成分,累计方差贡献率为81.705%。By setting nine treatments including 4 kinds of neutral salt NaCl,four kinds of alkalic salt Na_(2)CO_(3)(35,70,105 and 140 mmol/L)and still water(control group),one-year-old Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings which grow well,healthily and similarly were used as the experimental materials.The experiment was conducted in the nursery of Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy,Zhengzhou(113°81′E,34°79′N).The paraffin wax method was used to determine the leaf thickness,palisade tissue thickness,spongy tissue thickness,epidermal thickness and epidermis thickness.The palisade tissue thickness/spongy tissue thickness and the palisade tissue thickness/leaf thickness were calculated to analyze the influence of saline-alkaline stress on anatomical structure of X.sorbifolia.The saline-alkaline stress significantly influenced the cuticular and mesophyll structure of the leaves.Low concentration of NaCl treatment(70 mmol/L)could promote the growth of the plant,but the leaf thickness significantly thinned under the high NaCl concentration of 210 and 280 mmol/L treatment(P<0.05).The degree of leaf water loss was increased with the increasing concentration of NaCl,and the thickness of leaves depend on palisade tissue thickness and spongy tissue thickness.With the concentration of Na_(2)CO_(3)increased,the palisade tissue thickness of leaves tightened,while the leaf thickness was decreased.All the data were standardized before principal component analysis was conducted to extract two principal components with the characteristic value greater than 1 under NaCl treatment,whose cumulative variance contribution rate was 96.027%.The same analysis was conducted under Na_(2)CO_(3)treatment and cumulative variance contribution rate was 81.705%.

关 键 词：文冠果 叶片结构 解剖学 盐碱胁迫 

分 类 号：S718.4[农业科学—林学] Q945.78[生物学—植物学]