飞机力提示智能侧杆控制器设计方法  

Design method of aircraft smart side-stick controller with force cue

作　　者：许舒婷 谭文倩[1,2] 屈香菊 XU Shuting;TAN Wenqian;QU Xiangju(School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Jiangxi Research Institute of Beihang university,Nanchang 330000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]北京航空航天大学江西研究院,南昌330000

出　　处：《航空学报》2021年第8期279-292,共14页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：航空科学基金(20185702003)。

摘　　要：与传统侧杆控制器的作用不同,带力提示的智能侧杆控制器的附加功能是减缓和预防飞机在故障或边界状态下的人机不良耦合,以提高飞行安全性。飞机在故障或边界状态下,具有明显的飞行动力学特性突变的特点,飞机动力学特性突变会引起驾驶员操纵策略的变化。针对这些特点,研究其侧杆控制器设计的理论方法。通过分析飞机动力学特性突变引起的系统时变非线性及其在力提示下的驾驶员行为特点,建立了智能侧杆引导的人机系统模型。在此基础上,基于时变系统的频谱分析和人机系统的品质评价准则,提出了带力提示的智能侧杆控制器设计方法,并给出了详细的设计步骤。通过对飞机故障状态下的仿真,解释了力提示智能侧杆控制器减缓人机不良耦合的机理。仿真结果表明智能侧杆控制器在提高驾驶员控制精度的同时,减缓了人机不良耦合的趋势,从而验证了提出的设计方法的可行性和有效性。The smart side-stick controller with force cue is different from the traditional one,as it has an additional function to mitigate and prevent adverse aircraft-pilot coupling when the aircraft falls in the presence of failures or is close to the envelope,contributing to improvement of flight safety.In the presence of failures or on the edge of the safe flight envelope,the aircraft dynamics are subject to sudden changes,which will then cause the change of human pilot control strategies.It is therefore needed to study the theoretical design method of the smart side-stick controller.A pilot-aircraft system model with the smart side-stick is developed based on an analysis of the time-varying and nonlinear characteristics of sudden changes in aircraft dynamics and the control behaviors of the human pilot with the force cue from the smart side-stick.Then,a design method of the smart side-stick controller with force cue is presented based on time-varying spectrum analysis and evaluation criteria of the pilot-aircraft system.The design procedures are given in detail.Simulation of the aircraft in failure offers an explanation to the mechanism of mitigation of unfavorable aircraft-pilot coupling with the smart side-stick controller with force cue.The simulation results indicate that the smart side-stick controller can not only improve pilot control accuracy,but also mitigate the trend of adverse aircraft-pilot coupling,thus demonstrating the feasibility and validity of the design method proposed.

关 键 词：智能侧杆 人机耦合 飞行安全 人机系统 评价方法 

分 类 号：V249.11[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]