教育常态、新常态和下一个常态  

Education in normal,new normal,and next normal

作　　者：肖俊洪(译) 阿拉斯•博兹库尔特 拉梅什•钱德尔•夏尔马 Aras Bozkurt;Ramesh Chander Sharma(Anadolu University;Ambedkar University Delhi)

机构地区：[1]汕头开放大学 [2]《远程教育》 [3]土耳其阿纳多卢大学开放教育部远程教育系 [4]《亚洲远程教育期刊》 [5]印度德里安贝德卡大学

出　　处：《中国远程教育》2021年第10期48-59,77,共13页Chinese Journal of Distance Education

摘　　要：新冠肺炎大流行不但造成了生物意义上的后果,而且也产生了社会和教育意义上的影响。本文作者认为这场大流行病危机是人类历史上的一个转折点,其影响如此深远,可以被称为"大重启",虽然其诸多后果仍然不为我们所了解。我们在转而采用应急远距离教育的过程中有过严重失策之举,比如模仿面对面教育、过度依赖数字使能实践和盲目相信数字解决方案。诸如此类的教育之"罪"有损教学效果,导致数字倦怠和疲劳,且进一步扩大数字鸿沟。本文还讨论了新冠肺炎大流行对后新冠时代世界的影响。在线全球化日趋显现,这意味着教育应该重新确定自己在这个变化中的世界的位置。在新常态下,数字学习生态系统在很多方面给我们带来希望,但是也要求我们谨慎处理隐私关切、监控和伦理等方面的问题。这场大流行病给我们带来的一点慰藉或许是使我们更好地认识到教育开放的意义。同样地,新冠肺炎大流行要求我们重新把在很多教育实践中早已被遗忘的关怀和同理心当成学习不可或缺的要素。新冠肺炎大流行本身是对高等教育的一次检验,使我们能够看到我们的失败与成功之处。混合模式的教育预计会成为下一个常态,但是如果我们真正希望建设一个理想的学习生态系统,那么我们必须找到恰当的混合方式。本文最后建议教育工作者应该成为炼金术师,能够把这场危机变成重新设想、重新设计和重新调整教育系统的一个机会,使未来更加美好。The COVID-19 pandemic has consequences not only on a biological but also on a social and educational scale.The authors argue that the pandemic as a crisis is a milestone in the history of mankind and that the magnitude of its impact can be referred to as the Great Reset with many consequences which are still not known.We make fatal errors while pivoting to emergency remote education,for example,imitating face-to-face education,over-relying on digitally empowered practices and blindly believing in digital solutions.These educational sins compromise the effectiveness of our pedagogical responses,result in digital burnout and fatigue,and further widen digital divide.Consequences for a post-COVID world are also discussed.Online globalization is on the rise,meaning that education should reposition itself in the changing world.In the new normal,digital learning ecosystems promise a lot but also require us to approach issues such as privacy concerns,surveillance and ethics with caution.The silver lining of the pandemic is perhaps rising awareness of the value of openness in education.Likewise,the pandemic requires us to rethink care and empathy as vital ingredients of learning which were forgotten long ago in many educational practices.Yet,the pandemic itself is a test for higher education,enabling us to see where we have failed and succeeded.Hybrid and blended modes of education are expected to be the next normal,but we need to find the right mix if we truly want to achieve an ideal learning ecosystem.Finally,this article suggests that educators should be alchemists,turning the crisis into an opportunity to reimagine,redesign and recalibrate the educational system for a better future.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎 教育 新常态 应急远距离教育 大流行病教学法 开放性 数字倦怠 数字疲劳 数字鸿沟 数字伦理 

分 类 号：G420[文化科学—课程与教学论]