3种山茶属植物花粉活力测定及贮藏条件  

Pollen Viability Measurement and Storage Conditions of Three Camellia Plants

作　　者：廖美兰[1] 孙利娜[1] 蒙芳[1] 杜铃[1] 林茂[1] 黄丽芸 Liao Meilan;Sun Lina;Meng Fang;Du Ling;Lin Mao;Huang Liyun(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530002,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西南宁530002

出　　处：《广西林业科学》2021年第5期539-543,共5页Guangxi Forestry Science

基　　金：广西自然基金面上项目(2018GXNSFAA050131)。

摘　　要：为探讨适于崇左金花茶(Camellia chuongtsoensis)、毛籽金花茶(C.ptilosperma)和杜鹃红山茶(C.azalea)花粉活力快速检测的方法,以3种山茶属植物的新鲜花粉和贮藏花粉为材料,采用醋酸洋红染色法、TTC染色法和离体培养法测定新鲜花粉的活力,研究不同培养基和培养温度对花粉萌发的影响,并采用醋酸洋红染色法对不同贮藏条件下的花粉活力进行研究。结果表明,采用醋酸洋红染色法进行测定,花粉活力最高;TTC染色法次之;离体萌发法最低。3种山茶属植物花粉均在配方1(10%蔗糖+0.02%H3BO3)培养基上萌发率最高;在配方1培养基上,崇左金花茶新鲜花粉在27℃下萌发率最高,毛籽金花茶和杜鹃红山茶花粉均在30℃下萌发率最高。随贮藏时间的延长,3种山茶属植物的花粉活力均逐步下降;室温下,花粉活力下降最快;4和-18℃贮藏条件下,花粉活力下降较慢,贮藏第180天时,花粉活力仍有73.00%以上;-18℃贮藏条件下的花粉活力优于4℃。In order to explore suitable methods for rapid detection of pollen viability of Camellia chuongtsoensis,C.ptilosperma and C.azalea,taking fresh and storage pollens of three Camellia plants as materials,viability of fresh pollens of three Camellia plants was measured by aceto carmine staining method,TTC staining method and in vitro culture method.Effects of different culture mediums and culture temperatures on pollen germina⁃tion,and effects of different storage conditions on pollen viability by aceto carmine staining method were stud⁃ied.Results showed that pollen viability was the highest by aceto carmine staining method,followed by TTC staining method,and was the lowest by in vitro culture method.Pollens of three Camellia plants had the highest germination rate on medium of formula 1(10%sucrose+0.02%H3BO3).On medium of formula 1,fresh pollens of C.chuongtsoensis had the highest germination rate at 27℃,and fresh pollens of C.ptilosperma and C.azalea had the highest germination rates at 30℃.With extension of storage time,pollen viability of three Camellia plants gradually decreased.At room temperature,pollen viability decreased at the fastest.At storage conditions of 4 and-18℃,pollen viability decreased slowly,which were above 73.00%at 180 days.Pollen viability at storage condition of-18℃was better than 4℃.

关 键 词：花粉活力 贮藏条件 崇左金花茶 毛籽金花茶 杜鹃红山茶 

分 类 号：S685.14[农业科学—观赏园艺]