不同粗饲料与玉米青贮组合对晋南牛生长性能、屠宰性能、产肉性能及肉品质的影响  

Effects of Different Combinations of Roughage and Corn Silage on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Meat Performance and Meat Quality of Jinnan Cattle

作　　者：靳光[1] 薛艳蓉 张元庆 王栋才 李博[1] 程景 张丹丹 徐芳[1] 孙锐锋 JIN Guang;XUE Yanrong;ZHANG Yuanqing;WANG Dongcai;LI Bo;CHENG Jing;ZHANG Dandan;XU Fang;SUN Ruifeng(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University(Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science),Taiyuan 030032,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学(山西省农业科学院)动物科学学院,太原030032

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第10期5653-5663,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D211012);农业科技成果转化与示范推广(2020CGZH04-03);畜禽重大疫病防控与高效安全养殖综合技术研发专项(2018YFD0501700)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同粗饲料与玉米青贮组合对晋南牛生长性能、屠宰性能、产肉性能及肉品质的影响。选取45头健康、体重在(400±30)kg的晋南牛,随机分为3组,每组15头。3组的精饲料相同,麦秸组的粗饲料为麦秸+玉米青贮,谷草组的粗饲料为谷草+玉米青贮,苜蓿干草组的粗饲料为苜蓿干草+玉米青贮,麦秸、谷草和苜蓿干草与玉米青贮的比例均为60∶40。预试期为7 d,正试期为180 d。结果表明:1)麦秸组、谷草组、苜蓿干草组的平均日增重分别为1.05、1.22和1.29 kg,谷草组和苜蓿干草组的平均日增重显著高于麦秸组(P<0.05);苜蓿干草组的料重比为7.76,显著低于其他2组(P<0.05)。2)麦秸组、谷草组、苜蓿干草组的胴体重分别为366.90、381.37和387.28 kg,谷草组和苜蓿干草组的胴体重显著高于麦秸组(P<0.05);苜蓿干草组和谷草组高档肉块和优质肉块的重量均显著高于麦秸组(P<0.05)。3)麦秸组的肌肉剪切力为5.87 N,苜蓿干草组为4.36 N,谷草组为4.46 N,苜蓿干草组和谷草组显著低于麦秸组(P<0.05)。4)不同粗饲料与玉米青贮组合对晋南牛肌肉常规营养成分含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。谷草组和苜蓿干草组肌肉总氨基酸和必需氨基酸含量显著高于麦秸组(P<0.05)。由此得出,在本试验条件下,相比麦秸+玉米青贮,谷草+玉米青贮和苜蓿干草+玉米青贮能改善晋南牛的生长性能,增重效果显著,并能提高晋南牛的产肉性能,对晋南牛的肉品质也有一定的改善作用。The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of different combinations of roughage and corn silage on the growth performance,slaughter performance,meat performance and meat quality of Jinnan cattle. Forty-five healthy Jinnan cattle with the body weight of(400 ±30)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 15 cattle in each group. The concentrate of the 3 groups was the same and the forage was wheat straw+corn silage(wheat straw group),millet straw+corn silage(millet straw group)and alfalfa hay+corn silage(alfalfa hay group),respectively. Wheat straw,millet straw or alfalfa hay:corn silage was 60∶40. The pre-trial period was 7 days,and the trial period was 180 days. The results showed as follows:1)the average daily gain of the wheat straw group,millet straw group and alfalfa hay group was 1.05,1.22 and 1.29 kg,respectively. The average daily gain of the millet straw group and the alfalfa hay group was significantly higher than that of the wheat straw group(P<0.05);the feed/gain of the alfalfa hay group was 7.76,which was significantly lower than that of the other 2 groups(P<0.05). 2)The carcass weight of the wheat straw group,millet straw group and alfalfa hay group was 366.90,381.37 and 387.28 kg,respectively. The carcass weight of the millet straw group and the alfalfa hay group was significantly higher than that of the wheat straw group(P<0.05);the high-grade meat weight and high-quality meat weight of the millet straw group and the alfalfa hay group were significantly higher than those of the wheat straw group(P<0.05). 3)The muscle shear force of the wheat straw group was 5. 87 N,the alfalfa hay group was 4. 36 N,and the millet straw group was4.46 N. The muscle shear force of the alfalfa hay group and the corn straw group was significantly lower than that of the wheat straw group(P<0.05). 4)Different combinations of roughage and corn silage had no effects on the muscle conventional nutritional component contents of Jinnan cattle. The muscle total amino acid and essential amino acid contents of t

关 键 词：晋南牛 粗饲料 生长性能 屠宰性能 产肉性能 肉品质 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]