新时代青少年羞怯对同伴侵害的影响:依存型和独立型自我建构的作用  

Moderating Effects of Self-Construals on the Associations between Shyness and Internalizing Problems among Chinese Early Adolescents

作　　者：李松 陈旭 冉光明[2] 张琪 Li Song;Chen Xu;Ran Guangming;Zhang Qi(Faculty of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715;Department of Psychology,Institute of Education,China West Normal University,Nanchong,637002;College of Preschool and Primary Education,China West Normal University,Nanchong,637002)

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学部,重庆400715 [2]西华师范大学教育学院心理系,南充637002 [3]西华师范大学学前与初等教育学院,南充637002

出　　处：《心理科学》2021年第4期822-828,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31600905)的资助。

摘　　要：本研究的主要目的是考察羞怯对同伴侵害的影响及潜在机制。1036名青少年(52%是男孩;M=12.97岁, SD=.76岁)完成了自评问卷。结果发现:(1)羞怯显著地正向预测青少年的同伴侵害;(2)自我建构调节了这一关系,依存型自我建构对羞怯个体的同伴问题具有保护作用,而独立型自我建构具有破坏作用;(3)性别对这一关系的调节作用并不显著。这些发现强调了在羞怯的适应功能研究中考虑文化的个人层面因素的重要性。This study aims to investigate the association between Chinese adolescents’ shyness and peer victimization as well as to explore the moderating role of self-construals and gender in this relation. Shyness, as a subtype of social withdrawal, refers to anxious reactivity in response to real or imagined social situations. According to the contextual-developmental perspective, cultural beliefs and values not only affect shy adolescents’ attitudes and behaviors, but also affect the reactions of adults and peers to their behaviors. On the other hand, in cultures where shyness is viewed as positive and harmonious, adolescents who are shy and sensitive may receive social support and build self-confidence to deal with social situations, which in turn helps them avoid peer exclusion or victimization. In contrast, in cultures where shyness is viewed as negative and maladaptive, shy adolescents may receive negative social evaluations and responses, which in turn enhances the level of peer relationship problems. Therefore, it is reasonable to deduce that shyness is positively associated with adolescents’ peer relationship problems in the current Chinese society.However, empirical findings have indicated that shy adolescents’ peer relationship problems vary across cultures, regions or time periods. For instance, shyness is more strongly related to peer relationship problems in today’s Chinese society than in the 1990 s. In addition, shy adolescents perceive more peer relationship problems in the urban context than rural context. The inconsistency among these results may be explained by the awakening of adolescents’ autonomy, which is considered as a main mark of adolescence. The ecological systems theory proposes that adolescents’ development can be influenced by culture-related personality traits(e.g., self-construals). In support of the viewpoint, A recent study has found that adolescents’ collectivism weakens the relation between shyness and depressive symptoms whereas individualism strengthens the link betw

关 键 词：羞怯 同伴侵害 自我建构 性别 社交退缩 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]