拒富护穷:提议方贫富身份对公平关注的影响  

Effect and Possible Source of Proposer’s Poor-Rich Identity on Responder’s Fairness Consideration

作　　者：陈宇杰 王逸博 王沛 Chen Yujie;Wang Yibo;Wang Pei(Department of Psychology,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234;Department of Special Education,Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学心理学系,上海200234 [2]华东师范大学教育学部特殊教育系,上海200062

出　　处：《心理科学》2021年第4期912-917,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学重大招标项目(17ZDA327)的资助。

摘　　要：通过操纵提议方的贫富身份,实验1发现人们倾向于接受穷人提议方的非公平提议,进而证实贫富身份能够影响公平关注。实验2引入有利不公平转换和有利不公平转换任务,结果发现:在有利不公平条件下,人们更容易接受富人的提议,并且富人的有利不公平转换率显著低于穷人。这些结果初步证实提议方贫富身份会影响公平关注,社会实体公平感是这一影响的来源。Fairness consideration is a vital drive of the social interaction,which has proven to be influenced by social identities.Poor-rich identity is quite special among different identities and people will tend to accept the injustice propose from the poor proposer.However,the mechanism in which poor-rich identity can affect fairness consideration is still unknown.Besides,we also want to find out whether social entity justice could be the source causing the effect of proposer’s poor-rich identity on responder’s fairness consideration.There are totally 2 experiments in the study and the Ultimatum Game was taken as the paradigm.The independent variables were 2(proposer’s identity:the rich vs.the poor)*3(the level of justice:high vs.middle vs.low).The dependent variable was acceptance rate.We found students in Shanghai Normal University randomly as our participants.The aim of study 1 was to discover the effect on fairness consideration from poor-rich identity.While in study 2 we added beneficial injustice and beneficial injustice transform to prove the existence of social entity justice and that it could be considered as the source which caused the effect of proposer’s poor-rich identity on fairness consideration.In Study 1:We found that the main effect between the 2 identities was significant and the result of the simple effect analysis indicated that the acceptance rate from the poor proposers was higher than from the rich ones,so it meant that poor-rich identity could affect fairness consideration and participants tended to reject the unfair proposition from the rich.In Study 2:One result was that participants tended to refuse more the beneficial injustice proposes from the poor proposers than ones from the rich.The other result was that the participants preferred to transform the beneficial injustice propose to the detrimental injustice propose.Those results suggested that social entity justice truly exists and it could affect fairness consideration as well,which meant that social entity justice could be the s

关 键 词：贫富身份 社会身份 公平关注 社会实体公平感 最后通牒博弈 

分 类 号：B82-05[哲学宗教—伦理学]