一种金相研磨机的结构设计及运动学分析  

Mechanism design and kinematics analysis of a grinding machine

作　　者：王燕燕[1] 宋少东 舒林森[1,2] 林冉 WANG Yanyan;SONG Shaodong;SHU Linsen;LIN Ran(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学机械工程学院,汉中723000 [2]陕西省工业自动化重点实验室,汉中723000

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2021年第10期119-124,共6页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：国家自然基金青年基金项目(51505268);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(18JK0150)。

摘　　要：为了解决金相试件手工研磨效率不高、机器研磨辅助环节多的问题,设计出一种无需镶嵌的多功能自动金相研磨机。针对常用金相试件尺寸规格及待研磨表面特征,确定了研磨技术要求,详细设计了运动方案及预紧调节部件、夹持头等关键零/部件;然后基于Adams软件构建出运动学仿真模型,分析了3种不同驱动电机转速下研磨机夹持头行程、速度以及加速度的变化规律,并进行了运动参数优化;最后对研磨效果进行了应用验证。结果表明,随着研磨机驱动电机转速增加,试样研磨效率随之提高,但过高的转速会产生系统冲击振荡;对研磨机驱动电机运动参数优化后,研磨机夹持头峰值加速度降低到1.1 m/s^(2),系统运行平稳性较好;验证试件研磨端面的表面粗糙度Ra最大约为0.44μm,仅为MPD-1A型商用研磨机的59.4%,经腐蚀后试样金相组织特征清晰可见,观测效果优良。In order to solve the problems of low grinding efficiency and many auxiliary links,a multi-function automatic grinding machine without inlay was designed.According to the dimensions and specifications of common metallographic specimens and the characteristics of the surface to be grinded,the grinding technical indexes were determined,and the motion scheme of the grinding machine,the pre-adjusting parts,the clamping and other key parts were designed in detail.Then,the kinematic simulation model based on Adams software was built to analyze the variation rules of the stroke,speed and acceleration of the grinding machine clamping device under three different motor speeds,and the motion parameters were optimized.Finally,the grinding effect of the grinding machine was verified.The results show that the grinding efficiency of the sample increases with the increase of the driving motor speed,but too high speed will cause system impact oscillation.After optimizing the driving motor parameters of the grinding machine,the peak acceleration of the grinding machine clamping device is reduced to 1.1 m/s^(2),and the system runs smoothly.It is verified that the surface roughness Ra of the grinding end face of the specimen was 0.44μm,which is only 59.4%of that of the MPD-1A commercial grinding machine.After corrosion,the metallographic structure characteristics of the specimen can be clearly seen,and the observation effect is excellent.

关 键 词：研磨机 结构设计 ADAMS软件 运动分析 

分 类 号：TG748[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具]