基于电磁转矩的城轨列车电机-齿轮传动耦合系统故障诊断方法研究  

Fault Diagnosis Method of Motor-Gear Drive Coupling System of Urban Rail Train Based on Electromagnetic Torque

作　　者：徐向阳[1] 樊林放 XU Xiangyang;FAN Linfang(School of Mechatronics&Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第10期123-129,153,共8页Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51975078);重庆市教委科技研究重点项目(KJZD-K202000703)。

摘　　要：针对城轨列车电机-齿轮传动系统中电气、机械部分难以耦合而导致各自独立研究问题,综合考虑电机非线性磁导和齿轮时变啮合刚度,建立基于电机等效磁路网络模型(PNM)的城轨列车牵引传动系统机电耦合动力学模型。在此模型上,考虑定子匝间绕组短路故障及鼠笼转子导条断裂故障,求得故障下机电耦合系统的动态响应;基于电磁转矩进行故障诊断,并与矢量控制单电机模型的诊断结果进行对比研究。研究成果表明:在低频域,PNM的电磁转矩频谱比矢量控制单电机模型的频谱在故障频率处幅值更大,更易于识别故障;在高频域,PNM电磁转矩诊断方法能识别到更为明显的电源频率的高次谐波分量,在机电耦合系统的故障诊断中更有优势;基于电磁转矩的故障诊断方法可以有效诊断城轨列车机电耦合系统故障,为无传感器的故障检测技术提供理论支持。Aiming at the problem that the electrical and mechanical parts of the motor gear transmission system of urban rail train were difficult to be coupled,resulting in their independent research,the nonlinear magnetic conductivity of the motor and the time-varying meshing stiffness of the gear were comprehensively considered,and the electromechanical coupling dynamic model of the traction transmission system of urban rail train based on permeance dynamic model(PNM)was established.Based on the proposed model,considering the short-circuit fault of stator turn winding and the fracture fault of squirrel cage rotor guide bar,the dynamic response of electromechanical coupling system under fault was obtained.The fault diagnosis was carried out on the basis of electromagnetic torque,and the diagnosis results were compared with those of vector control single motor model.The research results show that in the low frequency domain,the electromagnetic torque spectrum of PNM is larger at the fault frequency than that of vector control single motor model,and it is easier to identify the fault;in the high frequency domain,PNM electromagnetic torque diagnosis method can identify more obvious high-order harmonic components of power frequency,and has more advantages in fault diagnosis of electromechanical coupling system.The fault diagnosis method based on electromagnetic torque can effectively diagnose the faults of electromechanical coupling system of urban rail train,and provide theoretical support for fault detection technology without sensor.

关 键 词：车辆工程 城轨列车 故障诊断 机电耦合系统 定子绕组短路 转子导条断条 电磁转矩 

分 类 号：U264.4[机械工程—车辆工程]