不同水平的高纤维日粮对三穗鸭行为的影响  

Effects of Different Levels of High Fiber Diets on Behavior of Sansui Ducks

作　　者：姚碧琼 张芸 向泽亚 杨汝才 杨胜林[3] 罗林丽 祝永才 YAO Biqiong;ZHANG Yun;XIANG Zeya;YANG Rucai;YANG Shenglin;LUO Linli;ZHU Yongcai(Sansui County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Sansui,Guizhou 556500,China;Guizhou Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Management Station,Guiyang,Guizhou 550001,China;College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省三穗县农业农村局,贵州三穗556500 [2]贵州省畜禽遗传资源管理站,贵州贵阳550001 [3]贵州大学高原山地教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2021年第5期82-86,共5页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：贵州省农业动植物育种项目(黔农育专字[2018]010);贵州省科技厅平台项目(黔科合平台人才[2019]5203);2020年国家自然科学基金(31960682);中央引导地方科技专项(黔科中引地[2019]4021);贵州省科技成果转化项目(黔科合成果[2020]1Y041)。

摘　　要：为研究不同粗纤维日粮水平对三穗鸭行为的影响,随机选取140日龄健康三穗鸭108只,分为3组,对照组、试1组(日粮添加5%统糠)、试2组(日粮添加10%统糠),每组3次重复,每次重复12只。应用行为学软件Media Recorder 2.0记录其行为,Observer XT(11.5)对行为进行编码,选择瞬时观察法并利用SPSS 22.0、Excel 2010等软件进行数据处理分析。结果表明,在运动行为组中,与对照组相比,试1组走动行为频次略有降低而试2组走动行为显著增加(P<0.01);试1组站立行为显著降低(P<0.01);试1组卧立行为显著增加(P<0.05);试2组休息行为极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);攻击行为组中,与对照组相比,试2组啄羽行为显著降低(P<0.05),而试1组和试2组攻击行为显著降低(P<0.05);在修饰行为组中,试验组除了颈部理羽有所减少以外,背部、尾部、胸部、侧部和腹部理羽行为频次均有所增加,而以试1组背部理羽和腹部理羽增加频次最为显著(P<0.01);其他行为组中,试1组和试2组取食行为和饮水行为均有增加,以试1组增加最为显著(P<0.01)。虽然日粮中添加高纤维日粮能减少三穗鸭的攻击和啄羽行为,但能显著降低其日产蛋量。To study the effects of different crude fiber levels on the behavior of Sansui ducks,108 healthy Sansui ducks aged 140 days were randomly divided into 3 groups.Each group had 3 replicates which had 12 ducks in each replicate:control group,trial group 1(diet supplemented with 5% bran)and trial group 2(diet supplemented with 10% bran).Behavioral software Media Record 2.0 was used to record their behaviors,and Observer XT(11.5)was used to code their behaviors.Instant observation method was selected,and software,such as SPSS 22.0 and Excel 2010,were used for data processing and analysis.The results showed that the walking frequency of group 1 was slightly decreased,while the frequency in group 2 was significantly increased(P<0.01);and the frequency of standing behaviors in group 1 were significantly decreased while its lying behavior was significantly increased compared to the control group(P<0.05);the frequency of resting behavior in group 2 was significantly higher than the control(P<0.01).Compared to the control group,the frequency of feather packing behavior in group 2 and the aggressive behavior in group 1 and group 2 were significantly decreased(P<0.05).In term of grooming behavior,the frequency of back,tail,chest,body side and abdomen preening were increased in the group 1 and 2 except for neck preening decreased,and the frequency of back feathering and abdominal preening were significantlyincreased in test group 1(P<0.01).As to the other behavior,feeding behavior and drinking behavior in the group 1 and group 2 were increased,and the frequency in group 1 was significantly increases(P<0.01).The results suggest that supplementation of high fiber in the diet can reduce the aggressive behavior and feather pecking behavior in Sansui ducks,but this high fiber diet was able to decrease the daily egg production.

关 键 词：三穗鸭 高纤维日粮 行为 

分 类 号：S811.6[农业科学—畜牧学]