金沙江干热河谷优势草本植物生物量与土壤物理性质的关系  

Relationship between biomass of dominant herbaceous plants and soil physical properties in a dry-hot valley area of the Jinsha River

作　　者：余杭 潘佳虹 杨柳生 高若允 李松阳 林勇明[1,2] 王道杰[2,4] 李键[1,3] YU Hang;PAN Jiahong;YANG Liusheng;GAO Ruoyun;LI Songyang;LINYongming;WANG Daojie;LI Jian(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Surface Processes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Key Laboratory for Forest Ecosystem Process and Management of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350002,China;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Conservancy,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [2]中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,成都610041 [3]福建省高校森林生态系统过程与经营重点实验室,福州350002 [4]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2021年第4期884-892,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071132);中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2019);福建农林大学杰出青年科研人才计划项目(xjq2017016)资助。

摘　　要：测定金沙江干热河谷3种优势草本植物(扭黄茅、拟金茅和芸香草)的地上、地下生物量及土壤分层(0-5、5-10、10-20 cm)容重、含水率、持水量和孔隙度等物理性质,探讨3种植物地上、地下生物量、根冠比与各土层物理性质的相关性.结果显示:(1)扭黄茅地上生物量显著高于拟金茅和芸香草,但地下生物量和根冠比显著低于后两者.(2)除扭黄茅外,拟金茅和芸香草的地上、地下生物量之间均呈现异速生长关系.(3)芸香草0-5 cm的土壤物理性质优于5-20cm,拟金茅则相反;除含水率、非毛管孔隙度外,扭黄茅各土层物理性质无显著差异.(4)拟金茅地上生物量与0-5cm的含水率、5-10cm的毛管持水量、最小持水量、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度呈显著正相关,其地下生物量与3个土层的含水率呈显著正相关;芸香草地下生物量与0-5 cm的含水率、5-10 cm的毛管持水量、最小持水量以及10-20 cm的最小持水量呈显著正相关,其地上生物量及扭黄茅地上、地下生物量与3个土层的物理性质均无显著相关性.拟金茅根冠比与容重呈显著正相关,与持水量、总孔隙度呈显著负正相关,芸香草根冠比与毛管持水量、最小持水量呈显著正相关.综上,含水率是影响拟金茅生长发育的重要因子,持水量、孔隙度对拟金茅地上生物量的影响更大;含水率、持水量对芸香草地下生物量的影响更为显著;扭黄茅生物量分配可能受到除土壤物理性质以外的因子影响更大.与拟金茅和芸香草地上、地下生物量的异速生长关系不同,扭黄茅通过分配较低地下生物量来适应干热河谷的特殊生境.This study aimed to determine the relationship between the biomass of dominant herbaceous plants and physical properties in a dry-hot valley area. We measured the aboveground and underground biomass of three dominant herbaceous plants(Heteropogon contortus, Eulaliopsis binata, and Cymbopogon distans), and their soil physical properties, including soil bulk density, moisture content, water holding capacity, and porosity of three soil layers(0-5, 5-10, and 10-20 cm).(1) H. contortus had significantly higher aboveground biomass, but lower underground biomass and root-shoot ratio than E. binate and C. distans.(2) The aboveground and belowground biomass had an allometric growth relationship in E. binata and C. distans, but not in H. contortus.(3) Soil physical properties in the 0-5 cm layer were better than those in the 5-20 cm layer in C. distans, but the trend was opposite in E. binate. However, only the water content and non-capillary porosity were significantly different in H. contortus.(4) The aboveground biomass of E. binata had a significant positive correlation with water content of the 0-5 cm layer and capillary water holding capacity, minimum water holding capacity, total porosity, and capillary porosity of the 5-10 cm layer, whereas the underground biomass was only significantly positively correlated with the water content of the three soil layers. Between C. distans and H. contortus, only the underground biomass of C. distans showed a significant positive correlation with moisture content of the 0-5 cm layer, the capillary and minimum water holding capacity of the 5-10 cm layer, and a minimum water holding capacity of the 10-20 cm layer. The root-shoot ratio of E. binate was significantly positively correlated with bulk density but significantly negatively correlated with water holding capacity and total porosity, whereas that of C. distans was significantly positively correlated with capillary water holding capacity and minimum water holding capacity. Moisture content was the key factor affecting the grow

关 键 词：干热河谷 土壤物理性质 草本 生物量 生态恢复 

分 类 号：Q948.113[生物学—植物学]