骨性Ⅰ类女性下切牙先天缺失者颏部形态的三维研究  

A three-dimensional study on chin morphology of Skeletal Class Ⅰ females with congenital absence of mandibular incisors

作　　者：李婧 张卫兵[2] LI Jing;ZHANG Weibing(Department of Oral Health Care,First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学第一附属医院口腔保健科,江苏南京210029 [2]南京医科大学附属口腔医院正畸科,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《口腔医学》2021年第10期915-918,共4页Stomatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81870797)。

摘　　要：目的通过锥形束计算机体层摄影术(cone beam computed tomography,CBCT)重建并测量先天性下切牙缺失的骨性Ⅰ类成年女性的颏部形态,探讨下切牙缺失对颏部形态的影响.方法根据相应的纳入标准,选取113例女性患者治疗前CBCT数据作为研究对象,分为研究组(60例)与对照组(53例).对其进行线距、面积、体积测量.结果研究组和对照组在颏部与下颌骨发育及面部美学评价上有统计学差异.研究组下颌骨的综合发育长度、下颌体横向发育、下尖牙之间的牙槽骨发育宽度、颏突上方的牙槽突体积、颏孔前方的下颌骨发育以及下颌联合矢状截面积均弱于对照组,研究组颏前点距面平面距离较远.结论先天性下切牙缺失对骨性Ⅰ类成年女性颏部的形态与位置存在影响,下前牙段牙槽突横向的发育减弱,并向远端辐射,影响下颌骨整体发育,颏部体积并未发生显著改变.研究组的颏部突度相对增加,面部的美学评价提高.Objective To measure the morphological chin characteristics of skeletal Class Ⅰ adult females with congenital absence of mandibular incisors by cone-beam computed tomography, and investigate the effect on chin morphology. Methods According to the inclusion criteria, CBCT data of 113 adult female patients before treatment were selected, and were divided into study group(60 cases) and control group(53 cases) for the measurement and statistical analysis of line, space area and volume. Results There were statistically significant differences in chin, mandible development and facial aesthetic evaluation between the study group and the control group. In the study group, the comprehensive and transverse length of the mandible, the alveolar bone width between the lower canines, the volume of the alveolar process above the chin process, the development of the mandible in front of the mental foramina and the sagittal sectional area of the mandible were weaker than those of the control group. The Po point was relatively far from the facial plane. Conclusion Congenital absence of mandibular incisors impacts the development of mandible, mainly on the transverse growth of lower anterior alveolar process and the overall development of the mandible. The chin volume is not significantly affected, but the convexity increases relatively, which results in a better evaluation for the facial profile.

关 键 词：颏部 下切牙先天缺失 三维形态 

分 类 号：R783.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]