基于ESB波束形成的超声波传感器风速风向测量  

Wind Speed and Direction Measurement Using Ultrasonic Sensors Based on ESB Beamforming Algorithm

作　　者：鲁胜麟 单泽彪[1,2,3] 刘小松 史红伟[1] LU Sheng-lin;SHAN Ze-biao;LIU Xiao-song;SHI Hong-wei(School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun 130022,China;College of Communication Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;Changchun Meteorological Instrument Research Institute.Changchun 130102,China)

机构地区：[1]长春理工大学电子信息工程学院,吉林长春130022 [2]吉林大学通信工程学院,吉林长春130022 [3]长春气象仪器研究所,吉林长春130102

出　　处：《仪表技术与传感器》2021年第10期115-119,共5页Instrument Technique and Sensor

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61571462);吉林省教育厅科学技术项目(JJKH20190590KJ);长春理工大学青年科学基金项目(XQNJJ-2017-12)。

摘　　要：针对超声波测风仪风速风向测量精度不高、对噪声抑制能力弱的问题,提出了一种基于特征空间(ESB)波束形成算法的阵列式超声波传感器风速风向测量方法。首先通过超声波传感器阵列接收空间信号冗余信息,然后采用ESB波束形成算法对空间信号冗余信息进行加权处理,实现空域滤波,最后从阵列输出功率谱中得到待测风速风向角信息。实验结果表明:基于ESB波束形成算法的风速风向测量方法具有较强的噪声抑制能力,在信噪比为0 dB时,风速风向均方根误差分别为0.22 m/s和0.78°,基本达到了超声波测风仪的设计要求。Aiming at the problem that measuring accuracy of ultrasonic wind meter wind speed and direction is not high and noise suppression performance is weak,a wind speed and direction measuring method using ultrasonic sensors was proposed based on eigenspace⁃based(ESB)beamforming algorithm.First,the redundant information of spatial signals is received by ultrasonic sensor array,and then the information is weighted by ESB beamforming algorithm to realize spatial filtering.At last,the wind speed and direction were obtained from the output power spectrum of the array.Experimental results show that the proposed method has good performance in noise suppression.When the signal noise ratio(SNR)is 0 dB,the root mean square errors of wind speed and direction are 0.22 m/s and 0.78°,respectively,which basically meet the design requirements of ultrasonic anemoscope.

关 键 词：风速风向测量 波束形成算法 阵列式超声波传感器 噪声抑制 

分 类 号：TH765[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]