气体钻井钻柱内孔微波信道适配天线研究  

Adaptive Antenna of Microwave Channel inDrill String Bore for Air Drilling

作　　者：李宬晓 夏文鹤[2] 周长虹 LI Chengxiao;XIA Wenhe;ZHOU Changhong(CCDC Drilling&Production Engineering Technology Research Institute,Guanghan,Sichuan 618300,China;School of Electrical and Information Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油川庆钻探钻采工程技术研究院,四川广汉618300 [2]西南石油大学电气信息学院,四川成都610500

出　　处：《石油管材与仪器》2021年第5期8-14,共7页Petroleum Tubular Goods & Instruments

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“气体钻井安全监测的前兆预警关键传感器研究”(编号:61731016);川庆钻探工程公司-西南石油大学工程技术联合研究院课题“致密气藏气体钻水平井关键工具研究与试验”(编号:CQXN-2019-02)。

摘　　要：为提高钻柱内孔微波信道传输技术的传输距离进而提升测传深度,对小体积的全向线状天线、窄波束高增益的定向八木天线及定向圆极化轴向模螺旋天线的半功率波瓣宽度及方向性系数进行了研究分析。研究结果表明,由于目前气体钻井广泛采用139.7 mm(51/2 in)钻杆,根据其钻柱结构特点适宜采用2.4 GHz工作频段天线。在此工作频段内,激发圆极化定向电磁波的轴向模螺旋天线与狭长的钻柱内孔具有最佳适配效果。该天线激发圆极化平面波沿钻柱内孔轴向传播,不仅能降低钻柱扭转对微波收发产生的不利影响,还能降低钻杆壁微波的反射,减少微波损耗。In order to improve the transmission distance of microwave channel transmission technology in drill string and enhance signal transmission efficiency,the half power lobe width and directivity of three kinds of antennas,which are small volume omnidirectional linear antenna,high-gain and narrow beam directional Yagi antenna and directional circular polarization axial mode helical antenna,are studied and analyzed.The results show that it is suitable to use the 2.4 GHz working frequency band antenna according to the structural characteristics of drill string composed of widely used 139.7 mm(51/2 in)drill pipes in air drilling.In this working frequency band,the axial mode helical antenna which excites the circular polarization directional electromagnetic wave has the best matching effect with the narrow drill string inner hole.The circular polarized plane wave excited by the antenna propagates axially along the inner hole of drill string.The antenna can not only reduce the adverse effect of drill string torsion on microwave transceiver,but also reduce the reflection of pipe wall and microwave loss.

关 键 词：气体钻井 微波随钻测量 钻柱内孔微波信道 适配天线 轴向模螺旋天线 

分 类 号：TE937[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]