大型极小曲面壳体数字化建造  

Digital Fabrication of Shells with Large-scale Minimal Surfaces

作　　者：苏朝浩[1] 王俊聪 陈庆军[3] 邓能涛 王子安 张枢健 SU Chao-hao;WANG Jun-cong;CHEN Qing-jun;DENG Neng-tao;WANG Zi-an;ZHANG shu-jian

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院、华南理工大学建筑设计研究院有限公司、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室 [2]华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室 [3]华南理工大学土木与交通学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2021年第5期86-93,共8页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51308218):基于数学算法与结构力学协同机制之大跨度复杂结构形态研究;亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室开放课题基金(2018ZB13):自由网壳空间3D打印及装配建造——基于结构力学性能。

摘　　要：极小曲面由数学公式生成,具有特别的数学美感与艺术表现力。然而,由于高度复杂以及极致轻薄,对结构力学设计以及曲面制作技术,构成了高难度的挑战。从结构力学的角度切入,分析数学模型向力学模型转换的概念,并探讨了极小曲面的结构找形的方法;基于经济性考量,提出了一种成本可控的面向异规曲面的拟合方法,探讨如何通过参数化设计和CNC技术的结合,有效地对极小曲面进行分解、拟合、制作和拼装;大型极小曲面壳体“云间玲珑”,作为灯光艺术的全新载体,在2019广州国际灯光节上亮相,展现了极薄壳体的力学美与数字空间魅力;作为一次有益的探索实践,可为数字化设计及建造提供有价值的理论线索和实证参考。Minimal surfaces produced using mathematical formulas have specific mathematical aesthetics and artistic expression.Minimal surfaces provide a fresh perspective in the visual space;they represent chaotic mathematical beauty alongside light and thin structural art.However,minimal surfaces lead to significant challenges in structural mechanical design and manufacturing technologies of curved surfaces owing to their highly complex characteristics and extreme lightness.Therefore,it is very important to investigate methods for shape-searching and manufacturing approaches based on the requisite structural performance.From the perspective of structural mechanics,the concept of transformation from a mathematical model to a mechanical model was analyzed in this study.Further,the searching approach for structural forms of minimal surfaces was investigated:(1)the transformation from homogeneous foam to an integral tubular frame;(2)the transformation of thin-walled members that provide spatial resistance;and(3)the mechanical verification and repeated debugging under multiple working conditions.In terms of economic considerations,a cost-controllable fitting method for an informal surface was proposed.The proposed method explores how to effectively decompose,fit,manufacture,and assemble minimal surfaces by combining parametric designs and CNC technology.The idea of the proposed method can be summarized as follows:firstly,the three-dimensional model is transformed into two-dimensional element components for CNC machining,and the processed two-dimensional element components are then restored to three-dimensional surfaces.Finally,the purpose of fitting complex irregular surfaces is realized.The specific process of this method can be summarized as follows:(1)surface meshing;(2)the strip decomposition of meshes;(3)the design of the joint modes between strip units;(4)the flattening and typesetting of strip units,followed by cutting using CNC technology;and(5)the marking of the angle between meshes for bending and assembly fitting.In

关 键 词：极小曲面 结构找形 参数化设计 极薄壳体 

分 类 号：TU201.4[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]