电动汽车大功率充电过程动力电池充电策略与热管理技术综述  

Charging strategy and thermal management technology of power battery in high power charging process of electric vehicle

作　　者：吴晓刚[1] 崔智昊 孙一钊 张锟 杜玖玉[2] WU Xiaogang;CUI Zhihao;SUN Yizhao;ZHANG Kun;DU Jiuyu(Engineering Research Center of Automotive Electronics Drive Control and System Integration,Ministry of Education,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,Heilongjiang,China;State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学汽车电子驱动控制与系统集成教育部工程研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2021年第6期2218-2234,共17页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51877057,51877121)。

摘　　要：为实现“双碳”目标,电动汽车成为了交通工具转型的重要途径。但由于充电速度影响电动汽车用户体验,一定程度上制约了电动汽车的推广应用,为此,发展大功率充电是提升电动汽车市场渗入率的重要技术途径。然而,由于大功率充电带来的动力电池加速老化以及快速产热导致的动力电池组温度分布不一致性等问题,给电动汽车快速充电策略的制定和热管理系统的设计带来了新的挑战。本文从电动汽车大功率充电策略优化和电池组热管理系统设计两个角度,归纳了目前面向电动汽车大功率充电过程的管理技术研究现状。围绕大功率充电方式对动力电池性能的影响,评价了不同充电策略和热管理系统设计方法的优缺点。在此基础上,重点分析了电动汽车大功率充电策略及热管理技术发展中面临的挑战。Electric vehicles have become an important way to transform transportation in order to meet the“dual carbon”goal.However,because charging speed has an impact on the user experience of electric vehicles,it limits the promotion and application of electric vehicles to some extent.As a result,the development of high-power charging is a critical technical step toward increasing the penetration rate of electric vehicles.However,the accelerated aging of the power battery caused by high-power charging,as well as the inconsistency of the temperature distribution of the power battery pack caused by rapid heat generation,have introduced new challenges to the formulation of the rapid charging strategy of electric vehicles and the design of the thermal management system.The current research status of management technology for the high-power charging process of electric vehicles is summarized in this paper,based on the optimization of an electric vehicle’s high-power charging strategy and the design of a battery thermal management system.The advantages and disadvantages of various charging strategies and thermal management system designs are evaluated with a focus on the impact of high-power charging methods on the performance of power batteries.On this basis,the difficulties in developing a high-power charging strategy and thermal management technology for electric vehicles are thoroughly analyzed.

关 键 词：电动汽车 大功率充电 充电策略 热管理 

分 类 号：TM92[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]