陇东旱塬地区不同栽培模式对马铃薯产量和经济效益的影响  

Effects of Different Cultivation Methods on Yield and Economic Benefit of Potato in Plateau of Eastern Gansu Province

作　　者：黄伟[1] 齐恩芳[1] 贾小霞[1] 刘明霞[2] HUANG Wei;QI Enfang;JIA Xiaoxia;LIU Mingxia(Institute of Potato,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China;Institute of Vegetable,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院马铃薯研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《蔬菜》2021年第11期21-24,共4页Vegetables

基　　金：甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划项目(2019GAAS16)。

摘　　要：为探索陇东旱塬地区马铃薯不同栽培模式的产量和经济效益,采用单因子随机区组试验设计,以马铃薯品种陇薯7号为材料,共设4种栽培模式。处理T_1为露地坑栽,处理T_2为黑色地膜单行栽培,处理T_3为黑色地膜双行栽培,处理T_4为黑色地膜双行微沟栽培,通过农艺性状、商品率、产量和经济效益的比较,选择出最佳的栽培模式。结果表明:相较于露地坑栽模式,3种地膜覆盖栽培方式的出苗率略低、生育期晚,而株高、分枝数、地上干质量、穴薯块数、穴薯质量均较高,其中地膜覆盖双行微沟栽培方式(T_(4))表现最佳,667 m^(2)产量最高,为3 280.2 kg,较露地坑栽增产19.5%;且667 m^(2)产值最高,达到3 936.28元;667 m^(2)纯收益较露地坑栽增收657.2元,增加率达27.6%;因此,地膜双行微沟栽培不但产量高,而且纯效益也高,可作为陇东旱塬地区马铃薯栽培方式进行推广应用。In order to explore the yield and economic benefit of different cultivation methods of potato in plateau of eastern Gansu province,the random single factor experiment design was adopted,‘Longshu No.7’was taken as the material,and 4 cultivation methods were set.T_(1) was open-ground dibbling method,T_(2) was black plastic film mulching cultivation with single row,T_(3) was black plastic film mulching cultivation with double rows,and T_(4) was black plastic film mulching cultivation with double rows of micro-furrows.The best cultivation method in this region was selected by the comparison of agronomic traits,commodity rate,yield and economic benefit.The results showed that comparing with the open-ground dibbling method,the 3 treatments of plastic mulching cultivation methods had low germination rate,late growth period,and high plant height,branch number,overground dry weight,potato numbers per hole and potato weight per hole.From 3 plastic mulching cultivation methods,the plastic film mulching cultivation with high ridges and double rows of micro-furrows was the best,with the highest yield of 3280.2 kg per 667 m^(2),increased 19.5% than that of the open-ground dibbling method,the net income was 3936.28 yuan per 667 m^(2),increased 657.2 yuan per 667 m^(2).Therefore,the plastic film mulching cultivation with double rows of micro-furrows not only had high yield,but also had high net income,it could be used as the cultivation method of potato to promote and apply in plateau of eastern Gansu province.

关 键 词：马铃薯 陇东旱塬地区 栽培模式 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]