秸秆降解与土壤污染生物修复耦合过程的研究  

Study on the coupling process of straw degradation and soil bioremediation

作　　者：杨彬彬[1] 夏颖 夏黎明[1] YANG Bin-bin;XIA Ying;XIA Li-ming(Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education,College of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物质化工教育部重点实验室,浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院,浙江杭州310027 [2]浙江工业大学生物工程学院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2021年第5期927-934,共8页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21676247)。

摘　　要：秸秆资源的合理利用和土壤修复是当前备受关注的研究热点。本研究对秸秆快速降解与被有机物污染的土壤进行生物修复的耦合过程进行了探究。将水稻秸秆平铺在污染土壤上,接入特定菌种进行固态发酵,发酵12 d后秸秆基质中漆酶活力、滤纸酶活力(即纤维素酶总活力)和木聚糖酶活力最高分别可达25.31、240.44和4537.16IU×g^(-1),秸秆纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的降解率分别达到了75.4%、77.33%和32.35%;秸秆失重率为60.19%。在耦合过程第12d,土壤中土霉素的降解率可达93.4%、毒死蜱和2,4,5-三氯酚的降解率分别可达到62.34%和65.21%。研究结果可为秸秆快速降解还田以及被有机物污染的土壤生物修复提供参考。Rational utilization of straw resources and soil remediation are hot research topics. The coupling process of straw degradation and bioremediation of soil organic pollutants was studied. The contaminated soil was covered with rice straw which was inoculated with specific strains for solid fermentation. After 12 days of fermentation, laccase activity, filter paper activity(total cellulase activity) and xylanase activity were 25.31,240.44 and 4 537.16 IU×g^(-1), respectively. The degradation rates of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin reached 75.4%, 77.33% and 32.35%, respectively, and the weight loss rate of straw was 60.19%. During the coupling process, degradation rates of oxytetracycline, chlorpyrifos and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol in the soil on the 12 th day were 93.4 %, 62.34% and 65.21%, respectively. This study can provide guidance for the rapid degradation of straws and the bioremediation of soil organic pollutants.

关 键 词：秸秆降解 土壤修复 耦合 滤纸酶 漆酶 木聚糖酶 有机污染物 

分 类 号：Q814.9[生物学—生物工程]