创业不问出处?家庭出身与农民创业的关系研究  

Does Birth Matter?Research on the Relationship Between Family Origin and Farmer Entrepreneurship

作　　者：杨婵 贺小刚 YANG Chan;HE Xiao-gang(College of Economics and Management,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;College of Business,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学经济与管理学院,金华321004 [2]上海财经大学商学院,上海200433

出　　处：《研究与发展管理》2021年第5期1-12,共12页R&D Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“创业困境、非市场战略与新创企业成长机制研究”(72002204);教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目“期望差距、农民创业选择与创业成长机制研究”(20YJC630183);浙江省自然科学基金项目“农户家庭结构对农民创业行为的作用机制研究”(LY20G020012)。

摘　　要：农民的决策行为受到家庭因素的制约,而家庭出身将如何影响到农民的创业行为,这仍是一个悬而未决的重要研究问题。本文基于上海财经大学千村调查的数据,就体制内精英家庭出身与农民创业之间的关系进行了分析,并得到以下研究结论:家庭出身的优越性将显著提高农民的创业动机,相比于普通出身或寒门出身,那些出身于体制内精英家庭的农民更倾向于选择创业。同时,体制内精英家庭出身对农民创业的影响还受到家庭社会地位的制约,即在那些社会地位较高的家庭,体制内精英家庭出身对农民创业所产生的积极效应更为明显。进一步分析表明,个体人力资本将影响农民创业与否的选择,过高或过低的人力资本均将降低农民创业的动力,但人力资本对于精英家庭出身与创业的调节效应并不显著。本文从精英家庭出身入手,探索家庭层面的非市场力量对农民创业的作用机制,不仅有利于挖掘农民创业的内在动因,而且拓展了农村精英的研究维度,为传统精英理论的发展提供新的研究视角。Individual’s career choice is influenced by their family background,but how family origin affects farmers’entrepreneurial behavior is still an unexplored research problem.Based on the Chinese thousand village survey,it analyzed the relationship between elite family origin in system and farmer entrepreneurship,and got the following conclusions.Elite family origin significantly promotes farmers’motivation to conduct entrepreneurial activities,which means that compared with ordinary or poor family origin,farmers from in-system elite families are more likely to conduct entrepreneurship.In addition,family social status plays the moderating role between elite family origin and farmers’decision of starting new business.That is,elite family origin is more conducive to farmers’entrepreneurial activities in families with higher social status.Further analysis shows that individual human capital significantly affects farmers’entrepreneurship behavior,neither too high nor too low human capital accumation help to stimulate farmers’entrepreneurial motivation,but the moderating role of individual human capital on the relationship between elite family origin and farmer entrepreneurship is not significant.From the perspective of traditional family origin,it explores the mechanism of family level non-market forces on farmers’entrepreneurship,which is not only conducive to excavating the intrinsic motivation of farmer entrepreneurship,but also expands the research dimension of farmer elites,and provides a new research perspective for the development of traditional elite theory.

关 键 词：体制内精英 家庭出身 农民创业 家庭社会地位 个体人力资本 

分 类 号：F320.2[经济管理—产业经济]