酸处理对马铃薯微型薯结薯特性及光合性能的影响  

Effects of Acid Treatment on Minituber Tuberization Characteristics and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Potato

作　　者：郭津廷 滕跃[1] 高玉亮[2] 金美玉[1] 李葵花[1] GUO Jinting;TENG Yue;GAO Yuliang;JIN Meiyu;LI Kuihua(College of Agriculture,Yanbian University,Yanji 133000,China;Yanbian Academy of Agricul-tural Sciences,Longjing 133400,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,延吉133000 [2]延边朝鲜族自治州农业科学院,龙井133400

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2021年第4期393-399,共7页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学地区科学基金项目(32160702);吉林省重点研发项目(2021年)。

摘　　要：珍珠岩基质中生长不同时期的马铃薯植株,利用pH 3磷酸水溶液进行3 d酸处理,调查微型薯结薯特性和光合性能。结果表明:生长45 d时,进行酸处理植株所形成的中大薯和中小薯数量最多,单株结薯数及单株结薯重比对照分别高110%和82%。生长45 d时,进行酸处理植株叶片的叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、净光合速率(P_(n))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、气孔导度(G_(s))、胞间CO2浓度(C_(i))、实际量子产量[Y_((Ⅱ))]、相对电子传递速率(ETR)、光化学淬灭(qP)等显著低于对照,但酸处理后SPAD、Tr、qP迅速上升至对照水平;潜在最大光能利用效率(F_(v)/F_(m))、非光化学淬灭(qN)、C_(i)在酸处理期间及酸处理后与对照差异不显著。In the present study, potato plants were cultivated in a perlite substrate, and the effects of acid treatment(pH 3 for 3 d) in different plant growth stages on characteristics of minituber formation and photosynthesis were investigated. Results showed that tuber formation and growth were optimal when 45-day-old plants were treated with acid solution. Compared with the control group, the number of tubers per plant and yield per plant increased by 110% and 82%, respectively, and the large-medium and medium-small minibubers reached the maximum;however, chlorophyll content(SPAD), net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)), transpiration rate(T_(r)), stomatal conductance, intercellular CO_(2) concentration(C_(i)), actual quantum yield[Y_((Ⅱ))], electron transport rate(ETR) and photochemical quenching(qP) were significantly lower than those of the control group. After the acid treatment, SPAD, T_(r) and qP increased rapidly, and the levels of which were similar to those of the control group;photochemical efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m)), non-photochemical quenching(qN) and C_(i) during or after the acid treatment were not significantly different compared with the control group.

关 键 词：马铃薯 酸处理 结薯特性 光合性能 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]