基于改进亚像素算法的弹簧内外径尺寸检测  

Spring inner and outer diameter dimension detection based on improved sub-pixel algorithm

作　　者：刘凌霄 王德成[1] 程鹏[1] 郎宁 LIU Lingxiao;WANG Decheng;CHENG Peng;LANG Ning(China Productivity Center for Machinery,China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]机械科学研究总院中机生产力促进中心,北京100044

出　　处：《光学技术》2021年第5期587-593,共7页Optical Technique

摘　　要：针对传统像素级边缘检测算法Canny算法进行改进,将高斯滤波换成了引导滤波,在降噪平滑的基础上更好的保留了边缘的清晰度,同时设计算法自适应获得适合图片的高低阈值。提出了一种改进的基于反正切函数模型的亚像素边缘检测方法,根据反正切函数中心对称的特性,通过面积相等的理论计算亚像素边缘位置,相比传统方法极大的减小了计算量及计算时间。通过对弹簧顶部图片进行3次最小二乘法拟合圆,快速、同步获得弹簧的内径、外径尺寸信息。实验结果表明:与传统反正切亚像素拟合方法相比,该方法在保证检测精度的同时,将平均计算时间缩减到1.7%以下。The traditional pixel-level edge detection algorithm Canny algorithm is improved by replacing the Gaussian filter with a guided filter,which better preserves the sharpness of edges on the basis of noise reduction and smoothing,while designing the algorithm to adaptively obtain high and low thresholds suitable for images.An improved subpixel edge detection method based on the inverse tangent function model is proposed,which calculates the subpixel edge position by the theory of equal area based on the centrosymmetric property of the inverse tangent function,which greatly reduces the computation volume and computation time compared with the traditional method.By fitting a circle with 3 times least squares to the top picture of the spring,the information of the inner diameter and outer diameter dimensions of the spring is quickly and simultaneously obtained.The experimental results show that the average computation time of the proposed method is reduced to less than 1.7%while ensuring the detection accuracy compared with the traditional inverse tangent sub-pixel fitting method.

关 键 词：光学测量 机器视觉 尺寸测量 边缘检测 图像处理 亚像素算法 

分 类 号：TP317.4[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]