高强度间歇训练的科学与实践:应用考量与关键指标  

Science and Practice of High Intensity Interval Training:Application Consideration and Key Indicators

作　　者： 黎涌明[3,4] 李海鹏 [法]Martin Buchheit[1] Paul Laursen;LI Yongming;LI Haipeng;Martin Buchheit(HIITScience,Revelstoke Canada;Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand,Auckland University of Technology,New Zealand;School of Physical Education and Sport Training,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]HIITScience,雷弗尔斯托克,加拿大 [2]奥克兰理工大学新西兰竞技体育研究中心(SPRINZ),新西兰 [3]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [4]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100084

出　　处：《体育科研》2021年第6期9-14,共6页Sport Science Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项课题(2018YFF0300901)。

摘　　要：高强度间歇训练(HIIT)是以≥无氧阈或最大乳酸稳态的负荷强度进行多次持续时间为几秒到几分钟的练习,并且每2次练习之间安排不足以使练习者完全恢复的静息或低强度练习的训练方法。进入21世纪以来,HIIT受到了训练科学与实践领域的密切关注,越来越多的教练员在训练实践中开始采用HIIT来提升运动员的竞技表现。然而,HIIT不只是“高强度”和“间歇”这么简单,其效果和价值的发挥需要考虑诸多因素。本文基于《高强度间歇训练的科学与应用:训练安排的解决方案》一书内容,分别从形式和目标类型、应用的整体框架、应用情境、同期化训练、关键指标5个方面对HIIT进行了论述,旨在为教练员和科研人员在训练实践当中应用HIIT并发挥HIIT的价值提供参考。High intensity interval training(HIIT)is a training method,which consists of multiple efforts with intensity of≥anaerobic threshold or maximal lactate steady state and with durations from seconds to minutes,and is interspersed with rest or low-intensity exercise between each two efforts.Since the beginning of the twenty-first century,HIIT has been attracting close attention in the field of sport science and practice.A increasing number of coaches are applying HIIT in training with the aim of enhancing the sport performance.However,HIIT is more complicated than HIGHT INTENSITY and INTERVAL.A variety of factors should be considered before the effect and value of HIIT show.Based on the book of Science and Application of High Intensity Interval Training:Solutions to the Programming Puzzle,this paper introduces HIIT from the five aspects:target type,frame,context,concurrent training,key indicators,so as to offer references for coaches and researchers to apply HIIT in training practice and bring into full play the value of HIIT.

关 键 词：应用情境 同期化训练 有氧功率 无氧速度储备 

分 类 号：G808[文化科学—体育训练]