2019年南充农村6月龄内婴儿喂养方式及其影响因素  

Feeding patterns and influencing factors of infants under 0-6 months of age in rural areas of Nanchong City in 2019

作　　者：杜艳 叶睿雪 孙畅[1] 王庆志 李玲玲 李麟华 杜叶繁 高洁 周欢[1] Du Yan;Ye Ruixue;Sun Chang;Wang Qingzhi;Li Lingling;Li Linhua;Du Yefan;Gao Jie;Zhou Huan(Department of Health Related Social and Behavioral Science,West China School of Public Health,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院健康行为与社会医学系,成都610041

出　　处：《卫生研究》2021年第5期741-747,共7页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.71874114)。

摘　　要：目的评估四川省南充农村地区6月龄内婴儿喂养方式现状,并探索不同喂养方式的驱动因素。方法于2019年采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法在南充抽取837对6月龄内(日龄<183天)婴儿及其主要看护人,450名男婴,387名女婴,月龄为(2.9±1.8)月;主要看护人多为母亲,占95.70%。使用搭载计算机辅助系统的电子平板录入面对面询问式问卷调查收集信息,主要包括研究对象的社会人口学特征、婴儿喂养方式、母亲喂养知识、母亲喂养态度、母乳喂养家庭支持情况、周围人群负向支持等相关资料。运用无序多分类Logistic回归,排除非母亲看护样本及不泌乳和因疾病不能哺乳的母亲后,将789对母婴纳入回归模型,控制母婴的人口学特征后分析纯母乳喂养相对于混合喂养和人工喂养的独立影响因素。结果南充农村地区6月龄内婴儿纯母乳喂养率、混合喂养率、人工喂养率分别为35.13%(294/837)、50.30%(421/837)、14.57%(122/837)。相对于混合喂养,母亲喂养知识高(OR=2.06,95%CI 1.47~2.86)则更有可能进行纯母乳喂养;相对于人工喂养,母亲喂养知识高(OR=2.48,95%CI 1.36~4.54)、母乳喂养态度积极(OR=2.57,95%CI 1.12~5.87)、母乳喂养家庭支持高(OR=3.01,95%CI 1.73~5.24)则更有可能进行纯母乳喂养,有周围人群的负向支持(OR=0.37,95%CI 0.14~0.98)则更有可能进行人工喂养。结论 2019年四川省南充农村6月龄内婴儿纯母乳喂养、混合喂养和人工喂养三种方式并存,以混合喂养为主,纯母乳喂养率较低。母亲喂养知识是喂养方式的重要影响因素,此外,母乳喂养态度和母乳喂养家庭支持是人工喂养的主要驱动因素。OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feeding patterns of infants under 6 months of age in rural areas of Nanchong City, Sichuan Province, and to explore the driving factors of different feeding patterns. METHODS A total of 837 pairs of infants under 6 months of age(<183 days of age) and their primary caregivers(450 male infants and 387 female infants, with an average age of(2.9±1.8) months, most of the primary caregivers were mothers(95.70%)) were selected by multi-stage random cluster sampling in Nanchong City in 2019.An electronic tablet equipped with a computer assisted system was used to input the face-to-face inquiry questionnaire to collect information, mainly including the sociodemographic characteristics of the subjects, infant feeding patterns, mothers’ feeding knowledge, mothers’ feeding attitudes, family support for breastfeeding, negative support from the surrounding population and other relevant information.Using disordered multi-classification Logistic regression, excluding non-maternal nursing samples, non-lactating mothers and mothers unable to breastfeed due to disease, 789 pairs of infants and their mothers were included in the regression model. After controlling the demographic characteristics of infants and their mothers, the independent influencing factors of exclusive breastfeeding relative to mixed feeding and artificial feeding were analyzed. RESULTS The rates of exclusive breastfeeding, mixed feeding and artificial feeding were 35.13%(294/837), 50.30%(421/837) and 14.57%(122/837) in rural areas of Nanchong.Compared with mixed feeding, mothers with high feeding knowledge(OR=2.06, 95%CI 1.47-2.86) were more likely to exclusively breastfeed.Compared with artificial feeding, mothers with high feeding knowledge(OR=2.48,95%CI 1.36-4.54), positive attitude towards breastfeeding(OR=2.57,95%CI 1.12-5.87) and high family support for breastfeeding(OR=3.01, 95%CI 1.73-5.24) were more likely to exclusively breastfeed, and mothers with negative support from the surrounding population(OR=0.37,95%CI 0.14-0.98)

关 键 词：农村地区 婴儿喂养方式 影响因素 

分 类 号：R153.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R151.42[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]