教育代际累积效应下子代收入的樊篱与跃迁——基于CGSS 2015数据的实证研究  

The Barrier and Jump of Children’s Income under the Cumulative Effect of Intergenerational Education——An Empirical Research Based on the CGSS Data

作　　者：张欣 陈新忠 Xin Zhang;Xinzhong Chen(Academy of Public Management,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070;Institute of Education Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430070)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学公共管理学院,武汉430070 [2]武汉大学教育科学研究院,武汉430070

出　　处：《教育与经济》2021年第5期32-38,共7页Education & Economy

基　　金：2019年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“以教育发展促进收入代际流动性的机制与政策研究”(19ZDA066)。

摘　　要：教育作为自致性资源,是个体实现阶层跃迁的核心渠道。教育的人力资本属性不仅影响着个体的当代收入,亦会对子代的收入产生累积效应。基于CGSS 2015数据,运用OLS普通最小二乘法和2SLS两阶段最小二乘法,实证检验教育代际累积效应对子代收入的影响。研究表明:教育代际流动呈现固化趋势,父代教育会累积到子代;教育代际向上流动对子代收入水平的提升有着显著的正向作用,且存在着性别差异;城市户籍子代获取高收入的机会远远高于农村子代,农村子代实现收入代际向上流动的渠道极窄,而教育是其最主要的渠道。因此,应关注教育代际累积效应对子代收入水平的影响,如何保障教育这一收入跃迁和阶层上升渠道的畅通是政策当局应当思考的重要问题。Education as an achieved resource,is the core channel for individuals to jump from the original class.Theoretically,the human capital attribute of education not only affects the individual’s contemporary income,but also has a cumulative effect on the children’s income.Based on CGSS data of 2015,this study,uses OLS ordinary least squares and 2SLS two-stage least squares to empirically test the effect of the inter-generational mobility of education on the income level of children.The results show that the inter-generational mobility of education presents a solidification trend and the parent education will accumulate to the children.The upward mobility of education between generations has a significant positive effect on the improvement of children’s income levels,and there are gender differences.The chance of urban children to obtain high income levels are much higher than those of rural children.There are very few channels for rural children to achieving upward income mobility between generations,and education is the main channel.Therefore,we should pay attention to the effect of the intergenerational mobility of education on the income level of children.How to ensure no barriers to education channels of income transition and class rise is a key issue that policy authorities should consider.

关 键 词：教育代际流动 累积效应 收入水平 阶层固化 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]