高大平房仓不同熏蒸方式浓度分布研究  

The Concentration Distribution of Different Fumigation Methods in Large Warehouses

作　　者：李丹丹 卢献礼 任天一 朱延光 吴刚 沈海涛 马一铭 Li Dandan;Lu Xianli;Ren Tianyi;Zhu Yanguang;Wu Gang;Shen Haitao;Ma Yiming(Sinograin Chengdu Storage Research Institute Co.Ltd,Chengdu 61009;Sinograin Wenshan Depot Co.Ltd,Wenshan 663000;Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001)

机构地区：[1]中储粮成都储藏研究院有限公司,成都610091 [2]中央储备粮文山直属库有限公司,文山663000 [3]河南工业大学,郑州450001

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2021年第10期124-130,共7页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1605304-2)。

摘　　要：通过膜下环流熏蒸、氮气气调、氮气与磷化氢混合熏蒸3种熏蒸方式,来分析在高大平方仓中这3种方式施药后,熏蒸气体的空间浓度分布情况。结果表明,覆膜环流熏蒸仓房底部磷化氢浓度在第3 d达到最大,较常规熏蒸快2~4 d。氮气和磷化氢混合熏蒸在环流6 h后各层粮堆内气体分布基本达到均匀,整个熏蒸过程中磷化氢最低浓度与最高浓度的比值范围为0.37~0.67,氮气体积分始终保持在83%~87%之间。混合熏蒸与膜下环流熏蒸相比,可以减少用药量10.8%;同时,解决了氮气气调对气密性要求严苛以及运营成本高的难题,供粮食仓储企业在实际熏蒸杀虫工作中参考。In this paper,the spatial concentration distribution conditions of fumigation gas were separately studied by using three methods of fumigation,in three large warehouses.The three methods of fumigation included sub-membrane circulation fumigation,nitrogen atmosphere,nitrogen and phosphine mixed fumigation.The results showed that the phosphine concentration at the bottom of the sub-membrane circulation fumigation warehouse,reached the peak at the third day,which was 2~4 days faster than ordinary fumigating.As for the mehod of nitrogen and phosphine mixture fumigation,the gas distribution in each stair of grain bulk basically became homogeneous after 6 hour circulation,the ratio of the lowest concentration of phosphine to highest,ranged from 0.37 to 0.67,the nitrogen concentration remained in the range of 83%to 87%.Comparing with sub-membrane circulation fumigation,mixture fumigation could reduce the usage quantity of dosage by 10.8%;and meanwhile,it solved the difficulties of the strict requirement of air tightness of large warhouse and high operation cost of nitrogen controlled atmosphere.Therefore,it could be a reference for grain storage enterprises in actual fumigation and insecticidal work.

关 键 词：氮气 磷化氢 混合熏蒸 浓度 分布 

分 类 号：S379.5[农业科学—农产品加工]