产甲烷古菌铁氢酶研究进展  

Advances in [Fe]-hydrogenase from methanogens

作　　者：王舒心 黄钢锋 白丽萍 WANG Shuxin;HUANG Gangfeng;BAI Liping(Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部沼气科学研究所,四川成都610041 [2]农业农村部可再生能源开发利用重点实验室,四川成都610041

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2021年第10期3884-3894,共11页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31970066);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2021XK06);四川省国际科技创新合作项目(2021YHF0049)。

摘　　要：根据活性中心金属原子的不同,氢酶主要分为镍铁、铁铁、铁氢酶三大类。铁氢酶是发现较晚、存在物种单一且结构较为特殊的一类氢酶。目前,铁氢酶仅发现于氢营养型产甲烷古菌中。该酶直接催化氢气异裂,还原产甲烷代谢途径中一碳载体四氢蝶呤的次甲基转化为亚甲基。与其他两类氢酶相比,铁氢酶不含传递电子的铁硫簇和双金属活性中心,在结构组成上有较大的差异。此外,铁氢酶活性中心的吡啶环被高度取代,活性中心铁原子直接与酰基碳成键,这些奇特的活性分子结构预示着氢酶全新的催化机制,以及古菌细胞在合成特殊结构大分子方面的特殊功能。本文总结了从1990年发现这类新型氢酶以来的相关研究,分别从氢酶的生理功能、结构特征、催化机制、成熟过程及应用研究等方面阐述铁氢酶的研究进展。Hydrogenases are classified into tree types including [NiFe]-, [FeFe]-and [Fe]-hydrogenase depending on the different metals in the active center. [NiFe]-and [FeFe]-hydrogenases were found in various bacteria, while [Fe]-hydrogenase was only found in hydrogenotrophic methanogens. It catalyzes the hetero cleavage of H2 to reduce the methenyl group of C1 carrier tetrahydrobiopterin into methylene group. Different from other two types of hydrogenases, [Fe]-hydrogenases do not contain electron-transmitting iron-sulfur clusters and bimetallic active centers. Additionally, the highly substituted pyridine ring and the Fe-acyl carbon bond in active center of [Fe]-hydrogenase indicated that there might be a new catalytic mechanism in hydrogenase. It also proposed that methanogens could synthesis this unique structural cofactor in a special way. This review summarizes the research progress of [Fe]-hydrogenase since its discovery in 1990, including physiological function, structural characteristics,catalytic mechanism, maturation process, and industrial application in future.

关 键 词：氢酶 产甲烷古菌 蛋白结构 催化机制 生物合成途径 

分 类 号：Q936[生物学—微生物学]