科技帝国主义:全球治理问题的一个症结  

Technological Imperialism:A Crux of Global Governance

作　　者：张务农[1] ZHANG Wunong

机构地区：[1]河南大学教育学部,河南开封475001

出　　处：《深圳社会科学》2021年第6期71-81,共11页Social Sciences in Shenzhen

摘　　要：我国加入WTO之后,“全球化”作为“帝国主义”的替代品登上了历史舞台,国内学术界便不再热衷于讨论帝国主义,而是聚焦于全球治理的问题。然而,抛开对“帝国主义”的重新考察并不能充分理解“全球治理”的难题。持续的贸易战显示帝国主义不仅持续存在,而且表现出新的特征。在贸易战中,对高端技术以及相应产业链的控制和垄断成为帝国主义最致命的手段,以高科技垄断控制世界政治版图、维持世界旧秩序并攫取超额经济利益成为帝国主义新的霸权形式。这一现象不仅是传统的“经济学帝国主义”无法充分解释的,甚至包括“文化帝国主义”、“生态帝国主义”,“科学帝国主义”等新的范畴也是无法充分说明的。尽管从源流上看,科技帝国主义的相关思想可以追溯到贝尔纳关于科技、教育和帝国主义兴起的相关论述,但一直以来,学界所使用的相关术语又各有偏重,不足以揭示当前的帝国主义新形态。“科技帝国主义”能够更好地揭示帝国主义借助于科技垄断对内进行控制、对外进行扩张,以维持和强化全球不平等贸易、经济、政治旧秩序的机制。在科技帝国主义的发展阶段,帝国主义控制了新技术革命最为关键的技术,而跨国公司从根本上依附于帝国的控制战略。因此,通过合作与斗争维护公平的贸易秩序,打破帝国主义的技术壁垒不仅是贸易议题,而且是全球治理的关键议题。tepped on the historical stage.The domestic academic circles are no longer keen to discuss imperialism,but focus on the issue of global governance.However,putting aside“imperialism”can not fully understand the problem of“global governance”.The continuous trade war shows that imperialism not only persists,but also shows new characteristics.In the trade war,the control and monopoly of high-end technology and corresponding industrial chains have become the most lethal means of imperialism.The new hegemonic form of imperialism is to control the world political territory,maintain the old world order and seize excess economic interests with high-tech monopoly.This phenomenon cannot be fully explained not only by traditional“economic imperialism”,but also by new categories such as“cultural imperialism”,“ecological imperialism”,and even“scientific imperialism”.Although the relevant ideas of scientific and technological imperialism can be traced back to Bernard’s relevant discussions on technology,education and the rise of imperialism,the relevant terms used in the academic circles have been biased,which is not enough to reveal the current new form of imperialism.“Scientific and technological imperialism”can better reveal the mechanism of imperialism’s internal control and external expansion with the help of scientific and technological monopoly,so as to maintain and strengthen the old order of global unequal trade,economy and politics.In the development stage of scientific and technological imperialism,imperialism controls the most critical technology of the new technological revolution,and multinational corporations fundamentally depend on the Empire’s control strategy.Therefore,maintaining a fair trade order and breaking imperialist technical barriers through cooperation and struggle is not only a trade issue,but also a key issue of current global governance.

关 键 词：技术统治 科技帝国主义 资本主义研究 贸易战 世界贸易组织 

分 类 号：A8[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]