中国圆田螺肌肉营养成分及消化酶活力比较分析  

Comparison analysis of muscles nutrient composition and digestive enzyme in Cipangopaludina chinensis

作　　者：周康奇 林勇 庞海峰 韦孜娜[3] 覃俊奇 黄姻 陈忠 杜雪松 文露婷 周明瑞 许艺兰 李文红 邓潜[1] 潘贤辉 ZHOU Kang-qi;LIN Yong;PANG Hai-feng;WEI Zhi-na;QIN Jun-qi;Huang Yin;CHEN Zhong;DU Xue-song;WEN Lu-ting;ZHOU Ming-rui;XU Yi-lan;LI Wen-hong;DENG Qian;PAN Xian-hui(Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture,Guangxi Aquatic Breeding Base,Nanning 530021,China;Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Qinzhou Agricultural School,Qinzhou 535000,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院,广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室,广西水产良种南繁基地,南宁530021 [2]广西大学,南宁530004 [3]广西钦州农业学校,广西钦州535000

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2021年第6期106-112,共7页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：广西自然科学基金(2020GXNSFBA297067,2020GXNSFBA297146);广西创新驱动发展专项资金(桂科AA20302019-5)。

摘　　要：为探究不同生长阶段中国圆田螺(Cipangopaludina chinensis)的肌肉营养价值和消化能力,分别对中国圆田螺幼螺和成螺的肌肉一般营养成分、氨基酸含量和消化酶进行测定。营养成分结果显示,成螺粗蛋白和灰分含量高于幼螺,幼螺水分和粗脂肪含量高于成螺;氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)结果显示,中国圆田螺的第一限制氨基酸为蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸,成螺必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)、氨基酸总量(TAA)、必需氨基酸总量(EAA)、支链氨基酸(BCAA)、非必需氨基酸(NEAA)和呈味氨基酸(FAA)均高于幼螺。消化酶活力结果显示:在胃、肠、肝胰脏中的α-淀粉酶活力和纤维素酶活力均为幼螺高于成螺;在肠、肝胰脏中的β-淀粉酶活力均为幼螺高于成螺,而在胃组织中则成螺高于幼螺,且在成螺和幼螺组织中两种淀粉酶活力均表现为肝胰脏>胃>肠,纤维素酶活力表现为胃>肝胰脏>肠;胃蛋白酶活力在三个组织中均为成螺高于幼螺,且在成螺和幼螺组织中均表现为肠>肝胰脏>胃。结果表明,中国圆田螺成螺蛋白质营养价值比幼螺更高,在幼螺阶段可能对淀粉和纤维物质的消化能力较强,对蛋白的消化能力较弱;而在成螺生长阶段则截然相反。The general nutrient composition, amino acid content and digestive enzyme of the Cipangopaludina chinensis muscle of juvenile snail and adult snail were determined to explore the nutritional value and digestive ability and development of muscle nutrients in different growth stages.The results showed that the content of crude protein and ash in adult snails was higher than that in juvenile snails, and the content of moisture and crude fat in juvenile snails was higher than that in adult snails.The total amino acids(TAA),essential amino acids(EAA),branched amino acids(BCAA),non-essential amino acids(NEAA) and flavor amino acids(FAA) in adult snails were higher than those in juvenile snails during the two growing stages.The results of digestive enzyme activity showed that the activity of α-amylase and cellulase in juvenile snails stomach, intestine and liver were higher than that in adult snail.β-amylase activity of both intestinal and liver tissues in the juvenile snails was higher than that in the adult snails.the activity of two amylase in tissues showed an trend as liver>stomach>intestinal, cellulase-active was stomach>liver>intestine.The activity of pepsin from stomach, intestine and liver in adult snails was higher than that of juvenile snails, and was intestine>liver>stomach.C.chinensis was a kind of aquatic product with great advantages in nutritional value and delicious taste, among which the nutritional value of snail protein was higher.In the stage of adult snails, the digestion ability of starch and fiber substance may be stronger, and the digestion ability of protein may be weaker, while in the stage of adult snails was quite the opposite.

关 键 词：中国圆田螺(Cipangopaludina chinensis) 肌肉营养成分 氨基酸 消化酶 

分 类 号：S966.2[农业科学—水产养殖]