2019年成都市中小学校教室视觉环境现状调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis on Visual Environment in Classrooms of Primary and Secondary Schools in Chengdu in 2019

作　　者：刘艳[1] 石翔宇 LIU Yan;SHI Xiangyu(Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China;Leeds College,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610079,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市疾病预防控制中心,成都610041 [2]西南交通大学利兹学院,成都610097

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2021年第5期316-319,共4页Occupational Health and Damage

基　　金：2018年成都市教育局《成都市教育局中小学卫生工作发展服务采购项目》(项目编号:5101022018001769)。

摘　　要：目的了解成都市中小学校教室的视觉环境现状,为针对性改善学生视觉环境提供依据。方法使用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取2019年成都市22所学校共90间教室,对教室的照明、布局、课桌椅等状况进行现场检测评价。率的比较采用χ2检验,检验水准为α=0.05。结果52%的教室课桌面和93%的黑板面维持平均照度不达标;全部教室前排边侧学生的水平视角和86%的教室前排距黑板的水平距离不达标,57%的教室两侧课桌边缘紧靠墙壁;课桌椅和身高符合率只有6%。结论学校教室视觉环境存在照明合格率较低、布局不合理、课桌椅配置不当等问题,建议新改扩建教室时要按标准设计和安装照明灯具,学校要提高对教学环境工作的重视,加强日常照明管理,创造有利于学生身心健康的教学环境,以促进学生健康成长。Objective To understand the present situation of visual environment in classrooms of primary and secondary schools in Chengdu,and to provide basis for improving students’visual environment.Methods A total of 90 classrooms from 22 schools in Chengdu in 2019 were selected by stratified random sampling,and the lighting,layout,desks and chairs and other conditions of the classrooms were detected and evaluated on site.Chi-squre test was conducted,with the test level α=0.05.Results The maintained average illuminance of 52% of the classroom desks and 93% of the blackboards did not meet the standard requirements.The horizontal perspective of the students on both sides and in front of all the classrooms was not up to the standard.86% of the classrooms did not have enough horizontal distance between the front row and blackboard.In 57% of the classrooms,the edges of desks were located against the walls.The compliance rate between the heights of desks and chairs and students was only 6%.Conclusion There existed several problems of the visual environment of school classrooms,such as low qualified rate of lighting,unreasonable layout,and improper configuration of desks and chairs.It is suggested that the lighting fixtures should be installed and the classrooms should be designed according to the standards when the classrooms are renovated and expanded.More attention should be paid to the teaching environment work,daily lighting management should be strengthened,and teaching environment conducive to students’physical and mental health should be created,in order to promote the healthy growth of students.

关 键 词：教室 视觉 环境 

分 类 号：G478[文化科学—教育学]