行政协议的司法审查困境及其出路  

The Dilemma of Judicial Review of Administrative Agreement and its Way Out

作　　者：金龙君 魏铭 Jin Longjun;Wei Ming

机构地区：[1]重庆大学法学院政府规制与公共政策法治研究所,重庆400044 [2]重庆市雾都律师事务所,重庆400064

出　　处：《行政与法》2021年第10期94-106,共13页Administration and Law

基　　金：重庆大学中央高校基本科研业务费原创性基础理论项目的阶段性成果,项目编号:2019CDJSK08YJ01。

摘　　要：实务中,民庭审理的行政协议存在当事人的权利义务不对等、行政主体的意思空间受限的难题,行政庭审理的行政协议则存在损害扩大、审查不足的风险。究其根本,主要是行政协议的界限认定不清、偏离了权力的监督和制约之核心。基于界限认定以及权力监督和制约之考察,应结合法规范和权力清单制度识别行政职权要素,通过行政职权要素确立行政协议的界限,明确审理主体;应以监督和制约行政职权的行使为本位,行政与合同并重,融通合同性和行政性法律规范,按照"合同框架+行政标准"的模式对行政协议开展比例原则的审查。如此,方能走出司法审查之困境。In recent years,there are disputes over whether the judicial review of administrative agreements is civil court or administrative court,administrative standard or contract standard.In practice,the administrative agreement tried by the civil court has the problems of unequal rights and obligations of the parties and limited meaning space of the administrative subject,while the administrative agreement tried by the administrative court has the risk of damage expansion and insufficient review.The fundamental reason is that the boundary of administrative agreement is unclear and deviates from the core of power supervision and restriction.Based on the investigation of boundary determination and power supervision and restriction,we should identify the elements of administrative authority in combination with legal norms and power list system,establish the boundary of administrative agreement through the elements of administrative authority,and clarify the trial subject;We should focus on supervising and restricting the exercise of administrative functions and powers,pay equal attention to administration and contract,integrate contractual and administrative legal norms,and carry out the review of the principle of proportionality of administrative agreements in accordance with the mode of"contract framework+administrative standards".In this way,we can go beyond the dilemma of judicial review.

关 键 词：行政协议 行政职权 司法审查 审理主体 比例原则 

分 类 号：D925.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]