木里矿区生态环境受损特征及治理方法研究  

Characteristics and treatment methods of ecological environment damage in Muli mining area

作　　者：李凤明 白国良 韩科明 LI Feng-ming;BAI Guo-liang;HAN Ke-ming(CCTEG Beijing Institute of Land Renovation and Ecological Restoration Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;CCTEG Ecological Environment Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工集团北京土地整治与生态修复科技研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]中煤科工生态环境科技有限公司,北京100013

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2021年第10期116-121,共6页Coal Engineering

摘　　要：木里矿区地处黄河重要支流大通河的发源地,是祁连山区域水源涵养地和生态安全屏障的重要组成部分,生态地位极为重要。由于无序、掠夺式开采引发了一系列生态环境问题,如地貌景观的破坏、植被破坏、土地损毁压占、冻土退化、水系湿地破坏、边坡失稳(滑坡、崩塌)等。文章对木里矿区的生态环境特点及煤炭开采引发的生态环境受损特征进行了深入分析,提出了"地质+生态""自然恢复+工程治理"的治理思路,并以木里矿区江仓一号井为例,构建了"采坑回填缓坡+边坡与渣山整治+土壤重构与植被复绿+湿地与岩壁景观塑造"治理模式。Muli mining area is located in the birthplace of Datong River, an important tributary of the Yellow River. It is an important part of water conservation and ecological security barrier in the Qilian Mountains region, its role in the ecological environment is significant. Disordered and predatory mining has led to a series of ecological and environmental problems, such as the destruction of landform landscape, the destruction of vegetation, the destruction of land, the degradation of permafrost, the destruction of river wetland, the slope instability(landslide, collapse),etc. In this paper, the ecological characteristics and damage characteristics of Muli mining area are thoroughly analyzed, and the treatment ideas of "geology+ecology" and "natural recovery+engineering management" are put forward. Taking Jiangcang No.1 Mine as an example, a treatment mode is established, comprising mining pit backfill gentle slope, slope and slag hill regulation, soil reconstruction and vegetation greening, wetland and rock wall landscape shaping.

关 键 词：木里矿区 江仓一号井 地质灾害 露井联合开采 矿区生态治理 

分 类 号：TD88[矿业工程—矿山开采] X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]