1956—2018年黄河内蒙古河段水沙演变规律分析  

Evolution of Water and Sediment Situation in the Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River in Recent 60 Years

作　　者：陈娜 曹震[2] 崔豪 许琳娟[4] 赵万杰 CHEN Na;CAO Zhen;CUI Hao;XU Linjuan;ZHAO Wanjie(Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China;North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450045,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,河南郑州450003 [2]华北水利水电大学,河南郑州450045 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [4]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2021年第11期46-51,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(51709123)。

摘　　要：为研究黄河内蒙古河段水沙特征及演变规律,解析其水沙关系,采用R/S分析法、累计距平法、Mann-Kendall(M-K)突变检验法、CEEMDAN分解法及信息熵理论研究黄河内蒙古河段(头道拐站)1956—2018年逐年水沙演变规律及其互信息关系,讨论影响水沙变化的关键因素。结果表明:头道拐站1956—2018年径流量和输沙量均呈显著下降趋势,径流量和输沙量均在1986年附近发生突变;头道拐站径流量和输沙量Hurst指数分别为0.609和0.658,未来有很大可能继续向减少趋势发展;径流量和输沙量序列演变具有多尺度周期,随着周期分解,径流量、输沙量的互信息值呈增大趋势;年径流量均值在变化期(1987—2018年)与基准期(1956—1986年)相比减少33.37%,输沙量在变化期较基准期减少68.91%;内蒙古河段水沙演变规律适合采用中长周期研究,水沙演变受降水、水利工程、人工取用水、水土保持工程等多因素影响,其中水利工程、人工取用水及水土保持工程对河流水沙变异起重要作用。In order to study the characteristics and evolution of water and sediment in Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River and analyze the relationship between water and sediment,the R/S analysis method,cumulative anomaly method,Mann-Kendall(M-K)mutation test method and wavelet period test method were used to analyze the runoff/sediment data of Toudaoguai Hydrological Station in Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River from 1956 to 2018,with the characteristics of water and sediment situation evolution over the years concluded and the key factors affecting the change process of water and sediment movement discussed.According to the analysis results,both the runoff and sediment transport from 1956 to 2018 at Toudaoguai Station show a significant downward trend and the annual runoff and sediment transport both have abrupt changes around 1986.The Hurst index values of runoff and sediment transport at Toudaoguai Station are 0.609 and 0.658 respectively,which are consistent for a long period of time with previous trends.The evolution of runoff and sediment volume series has a multi-scale cycle.As the cycle is decomposed,the mutual information value of runoff and sediment volume shows an increasing trend.The annual runoff in the change period shows a stepwise downward trend.Compared with the base period(1956-1986),the mean runoff in the change period(1987-2018)is reduced by 33.37%and in the change period of sediment discharge is reduced by 68.91%.Water-sediment evolution in the Inner Mongolia reach is more suitable for medium and long cycle studies.The evolution of runoff and sediment is affected by multiple factors,such as precipitation,water conservancy project,artificial water extraction project and water and soil conservation engineering.Among them,water conservancy project,artificial water extraction project and water and soil conservation engineering play an important role in the variation of river water and sediment.

关 键 词：水沙关系 CEEMDAN 互信息 黄河内蒙古河段 

分 类 号：TV152[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV882.1