健康风险、医疗保险与家庭财务脆弱性  

Health Risk,Medical Insurance and Household Financial Vulnerability

作　　者：岳崴 王雄[2] 张强[1] YUE Wei;WANG Xiong;ZHANG Qiang(College of Finance and Statistics,Hunan University,Changsha 410006,China;School of Business,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学金融与统计学院 [2]中南大学商学院

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2021年第10期175-192,共18页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“数字金融算法统计歧视和轴辐算法合谋治理对消费者权益保护效果的计算实验研究”(批准号72103060);国家自然科学基金面上项目“城乡金融统筹发展研究”(批准号71673307)。

摘　　要："因病致贫,因病返贫"是当前脱贫攻坚和巩固脱贫成果重点关注的问题。虽然中国脱贫攻坚取得了全面胜利,但是仍存在一定数量的贫困边缘人群。该部分群体处于非贫困状态,但是应对经济不确定性能力较差而呈现出脆弱性特征。健康风险作为重要的背景风险,对家庭经济状况变化存在不可忽视的影响,是贫困边缘家庭致贫返贫的重要风险来源。本文利用中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,从流动性视角研究了健康风险和医疗保险对家庭财务脆弱性的影响。研究结果表明:健康风险会显著增加家庭财务脆弱性,同时商业医疗保险对家庭财务脆弱性有显著的改善作用,并且会降低健康风险对家庭财务脆弱性的边际影响;从净效应看,当前居民医疗保险无法改善家庭财务脆弱性,但居民医疗保险会通过改善家庭健康状况对家庭财务产生一定的积极影响。对非脆弱财务状态进行分解,进一步研究健康风险和医疗保险对家庭其他财务状态的影响,研究发现:健康风险会制约家庭的财务自由,同时也降低家庭处于过度消费且具有流动性状态的可能性,而医疗保险对家庭财务自由具有积极的影响。本文的研究结论为理解健康风险与家庭财务脆弱性的关系以及医疗保险的经济作用提供了新的视角和经验证据,为防范贫困边缘家庭致贫返贫和完善医疗保险制度扶贫功能提供了参考。The problem that household first becomes poor for occurrence of a disease or again attracts more attention in reduction of poverty for China.Although the poor households have been decreased with poverty alleviation program in China,there are still a number of households near poverty.These household are not poor,but are more vulnerable to cope with the adverse economic shocks.As be a important background risk,health risk determines the change in household economic situation.This paper employs the data from Chinese Household Finance Survey(CHFS)to investigate the effects of health risk and medical insurance on the household financial vulnerable from financial perspective.The results show that health risk increases the household financial vulnerability.The commercial medical insurance can reduce the financial vulnerability.The margin effect of health risk could be reduced by commercial medical insurance.The net effects of resident medical insurance show that it increases the household financial vulnerability,but it still improves the financial status of household by increasing health level.Decomposing the other financial situation except vulnerability,we further examine the effect of health risk and medical insurance on other financial situation.The results show that health risk reduces the probability of unconstrained financial situation and over-consuming but liquid,whereas the medical insurance improves the household financial situation.The conclusions provide a novel viewpoint and evidence for understanding the relationship between health risk and household financial vulnerability,and the economic effect of medical insurance.These points also provide government with reference to reduction of poverty and improvement of medical insurance.

关 键 词：健康风险 医疗保险 家庭财务脆弱性 财务状态 

分 类 号：F126[经济管理—世界经济]