农村集体建设用地流转的减贫效应研究  

Poverty Reduction Effects of Rural Collective Construction Land Transfer

作　　者：米旭明 王文思 Mi Xuming;Wang Wensi(College of Economics,Shenzhen University)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学经济学院

出　　处：《数量经济技术经济研究》2021年第11期62-83,共22页Journal of Quantitative & Technological Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“农村集体建设用地制度改革与经济增长研究”(20FJYB065)的资助。

摘　　要：研究目标:估计农村集体建设用地流转改革的具体减贫效应和作用机制。研究方法:基于2000~2017年省级统计数据,将重庆地票制度改革作为一项准自然实验,采用合成控制法、双重差分法客观评估农村建设用地流转制度改革对地区减贫的作用与影响。研究发现:建设用地流转具有显著的减贫效应,且在贫困发生率、贫困深度和贫困强度三个方面均非常明显。具体影响机制分析表明,制度改革能够显著地促进地区教育发展和劳动力转移,进而降低贫困发生率;能够通过产业结构调整降低贫困强度;能够通过教育发展、产业结构调整、农业机械化生产和农业收入降低贫困深度。研究创新:将土地要素优化配置改革促进经济增长的现有研究从农地领域拓展到集体建设用地,从多个方面评估减贫效应,并探讨了中间作用机制及其差异化影响。研究价值:有利于政策部门更加关注"人地联动"效应,更加关注城乡土地资源优化配置后,农村居民能够获得的经济机遇,为创新制度供给解决相对贫困提供理论依据。Research Objectives: The multidimensional poverty reduction effect and specific mediating effects of rural collective construction land transfer reform. Research Methods: Based on the quasi-natural experiment of the reform of land coupon policy in China for the period 2000~2017,this paper uses synthetic control method and Differences-in-Differences methods to evaluate rural construction land transfer reform’s impact to poverty reduction. Research Findings: The results show that rural collective construction land transfer policy can effectively reduce poverty, and these effects are very prominent among poverty Head-count Ratio, poverty gap and squared poverty gap. Further, this paper studies the specific impact mechanism of rural collective construction land transfer on regional poverty reduction. The results show that land coupon policy can significantly promote regional education development and labor transfer, thereby reducing poverty Head-count Ratio. It can reduce poverty gap through industrial structure adjustment. Meanwhile, the policy can reduce squared poverty gap through education development, industrial structure adjustment, agricultural mechanized production and agricultural income. Research Innovations: This paper extends the existing research on the optimal allocation of land resource to promote economic growth from agricultural land to collective construction land. Meanwhile, it evaluates the multi-dimensional poverty reduction effect and discusses mediating effects. Research Value: It is helpful for governments to pay more attention to the population and land interaction effect. Meanwhile, it can provide a theoretical basis for the innovation of institutional supply to solve the relative poverty.

关 键 词：农村集体建设用地 宅基地 精准扶贫 相对贫困 

分 类 号：F301.1[经济管理—产业经济] C913[社会学]